Visiting the Monument to the Volhynia 27th Home Army Infantry Division: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
The Monument to the Volhynia 27th Home Army Infantry Division in Warsaw, Poland, stands as a solemn tribute to the courage and sacrifice of Polish partisans during World War II. It commemorates the division’s pivotal role in defending the Polish population against both German occupation forces and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) amidst the tragic Volhynia massacres. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the monument’s historical significance, design, and practical information for visitors.
Historical Context: The 27th Volhynia Infantry Division and the Volhynia Massacres
The 27th Volhynia Infantry Division of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK) was formed in January 1944 in response to the escalating violence in the Volhynia region. The division, comprising around 7,300 soldiers at its peak, played a crucial role in defending Polish communities against the UPA during the Volhynia massacres (1943-1945), a period of intense ethnic violence that claimed the lives of tens of thousands of Polish civilians (Warsaw Point). The division also engaged in combat operations against German forces, contributing significantly to the Polish resistance effort (zbrodniawolynska.pl).
Monument Design and Symbolism
Located in Skwer Wołyński (Volhynian Square) in northern Warsaw, the monument features a striking design rich in symbolism. The central element is a towering stone sword, representing military valor and vigilance (dbpedia). Surrounding the sword are twelve stone candles, each symbolizing one of the Volhynian counties affected by the massacres (Wikipedia). A later addition, a cross bearing an armless Christ, further deepens the monument’s spiritual significance, evoking themes of martyrdom and suffering (openDemocracy). Inscriptions and dedications on the monument provide further context and personalize the memorial.
Visiting the Monument: Practical Information
- Location: Skwer Wołyński (Volhynian Square), Warsaw, Poland.
- Visiting Hours: The monument is an open-air memorial accessible 24/7.
- Admission: Free of charge.
- Accessibility: The site is wheelchair accessible with paved pathways.
- Guided Tours: While not permanently stationed, guided tours incorporating the monument are available through local historical societies and tour operators. Check with Warsaw’s tourism office for schedules and availability.
- Transportation: Easily accessible by public transportation (bus, tram, metro). Limited street parking is available nearby.
- Nearby Attractions: Warsaw Uprising Museum, Museum of the Polish Army, Royal Łazienki Park.
Commemorations and Events
Annual commemorative events are held at the monument, particularly on July 11th, the National Day of Remembrance for the Victims of the Genocide committed by Ukrainian nationalists against Poles (IPN). These events often include ceremonies, wreath-laying, and educational programs.
Tips for Visitors
- Check the local weather forecast and dress accordingly.
- Photography is encouraged. The monument offers numerous poignant and symbolic photo opportunities.
- Combine your visit with nearby historical sites for a richer understanding of Warsaw’s wartime history.
- Consider visiting during early morning or late afternoon for a quieter, more reflective experience.
