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Palace Of Justice

City Of Brussels, Belgium

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Visiting Palais de Justice in Brussels: A Complete Guide

Date: 24/07/2024

Introduction

The Palais de Justice, also known as the Justitiepaleis, in Brussels, Belgium, stands as a monumental testament to the city’s judicial and architectural heritage. Perched on the historic Galgenberg hill, the site has a grim past, once used for public executions in the Middle Ages (Wikipedia). The current structure, conceived under King Leopold I and designed by the renowned architect Joseph Poelaert, began construction in 1866 and was completed in 1883 (Europe Diplomatic). With its imposing dimensions and Egyptian temple-inspired design, the Palais de Justice was the largest building in the world upon completion, symbolizing the power and authority of the law (Introducing Brussels). Today, it remains a significant cultural and judicial landmark, housing Belgium’s most important courts, including the Court of Cassation, the Court of Assizes, and the Court of Appeal of Brussels (Wikipedia). Visitors to Brussels are drawn to this architectural marvel, not only for its historical significance but also for the panoramic views it offers of the city. As the building undergoes a significant restoration project scheduled to be completed by 2030, it continues to reflect Belgium’s commitment to preserving its rich heritage (Travel Tomorrow).

Table of Contents

History of the Palais de Justice

Origins and Early Constructions

The history of the Palais de Justice in Brussels is deeply intertwined with the city’s judicial and architectural evolution. The current Palace of Justice is situated on the Galgenberg hill, also known as Mont aux potences or ‘Gallows Mount,’ a site historically used for public executions during the Middle Ages (Wikipedia). The first courthouse in Brussels was constructed between 1818 and 1892 in the Sablon/Zavel district, at the Place du Palais/Paleisplein, now known as Place de la Justice/Gerechtsplein (Wikipedia).

Construction of the Current Building

The idea for a grand Palace of Justice was conceived during the reign of King Leopold I. The project was initiated by Victor Tesch, the Minister of Justice at the time, who announced an international architectural competition in March 1860. After several unsuccessful proposals, the task was finally assigned to Joseph Poelaert, the chief architect of Brussels, in 1861. Poelaert was renowned for his previous works, including the design of St. Catherine’s Church and the restoration of the Royal Theatre La Monnaie (Europe Diplomatic).

Construction of the Palais de Justice began in 1866 and was completed in 1883, four years after Poelaert’s death. The building’s construction required the demolition of over 3,000 houses, displacing numerous residents, which led to significant public discontent. The term ‘skieven architekt’ (twisted architect) became a popular insult in the local dialect, reflecting the resentment towards Poelaert for the forced evictions (Lonely Planet).

Architectural Significance

Upon its completion, the Palais de Justice was the largest building in the world, covering a ground surface of 26,000 square meters with dimensions of 160 by 150 meters. The building’s design was inspired by the temples of the Egyptian pharaohs, intended to symbolize the power and authority of the law. The structure includes a massive dome, which stands 116 meters high, making it a dominant feature of the Brussels skyline (Introducing Brussels).

Historical Events and Renovations

The Palais de Justice has witnessed several significant historical events. During World War II, the building was severely damaged on September 3, 1944, when German forces attempted to destroy it to prevent the Allies from accessing incriminating documents. The explosion caused extensive damage, including the collapse of the dome and the destruction of much of the interior (Europe Diplomatic).

In the late 20th century, the building faced numerous challenges, including structural issues and the need for modernization. Many of the judicial functions were relocated as the building no longer met contemporary standards for workspace and safety. Despite these challenges, the Palais de Justice remains a symbol of Belgian judicial authority and heritage (Wikipedia).

Recent Developments and Future Plans

The Palais de Justice has been encased in scaffolding since the mid-1980s as a preventive measure to contain potential loose stones. In the early 2000s, new scaffolding was installed around the main facade. The building’s restoration has been a long-standing issue, with various plans proposed over the years to address its structural and aesthetic needs (Travel Tomorrow).

In 2024, a significant restoration project is set to begin, aiming to liberate the Palace from its ‘steel cage’ of scaffolding by 2030. This milestone will coincide with Belgium’s 200th anniversary as an independent nation. The initial phase of the renovation will focus on restoring the facade on the side of Place Poelaert, allowing the public to witness the building’s grandeur without obstruction (Travel Tomorrow).

Cultural and Symbolic Importance

The Palais de Justice is not only an architectural marvel but also a cultural and symbolic landmark. It houses the country’s most important courts, including the Court of Cassation (Belgian supreme court), the Court of Assizes (highest criminal court), and the Court of Appeal of Brussels. The building also includes various libraries and the prosecution services adjoining these jurisdictions (Wikipedia).

The building’s grandeur and historical significance have inspired other architectural projects worldwide. For instance, the Palace of Justice in Lima, Peru, was modeled after the Brussels Palais de Justice, although it is smaller and lacks some of the original’s opulent features (Europe Diplomatic).

Visitor Information and Tips

Visiting Hours and Tickets

Visitors can explore the Palais de Justice from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM on weekdays. Entry is free, but visitors should check for any scheduled tours or special events that might require tickets. Visitors are encouraged to check the official Brussels tourism website for the latest updates on visiting hours and any potential restrictions.

Accessibility and Travel Tips

The Palais de Justice is located on Place Poelaert in the Marolles/Marollen district, accessible via the Louise/Louiza metro station and the Poelaert Elevators from the lower part of town. The building is wheelchair accessible, and there are facilities to assist visitors with disabilities. It’s advisable to wear comfortable footwear as the structure is vast and involves a lot of walking.

Nearby Attractions

While visiting the Palais de Justice, tourists can also explore nearby attractions such as the Sablon neighborhood, known for its antique shops and the beautiful Church of Our Blessed Lady of the Sablon. The Magritte Museum and the Royal Palace of Brussels are also within walking distance, offering a deeper dive into Belgian culture and history.

Visitor Experience

Visitors to the Palais de Justice can explore its vast and imposing structure, which offers a glimpse into Belgium’s judicial history and architectural prowess. The terrace behind the building provides panoramic views of Brussels, including landmarks like the Atomium and Koekelberg Basilica (Lonely Planet).

As the restoration progresses, visitors will have the opportunity to witness the transformation of this iconic building, reflecting Belgium’s commitment to preserving its heritage and history. The Palais de Justice stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of justice and democracy in Belgium.

FAQ

What are the visiting hours for the Palais de Justice?

The Palais de Justice is open to visitors from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM on weekdays.

Is there an entry fee for the Palais de Justice?

No, entry to the Palais de Justice is free. However, certain tours or events may require tickets.

How can I get to the Palais de Justice?

The Palais de Justice is accessible via the Louise/Louiza metro station and the Poelaert Elevators. It’s located on Place Poelaert in the Marolles/Marollen district.

Is the Palais de Justice wheelchair accessible?

Yes, the building is wheelchair accessible, and facilities are available to assist visitors with disabilities.

Conclusion

The Palais de Justice in Brussels is more than just a courthouse; it is a symbol of Belgium’s enduring legacy of justice and democracy. From its origins on the historically significant Galgenberg hill to its grand conception under the reign of King Leopold I, the building has stood as a monumental testament to architectural prowess and judicial authority (Wikipedia). Despite the challenges it has faced, including significant wartime damage and ongoing structural issues, the Palais de Justice remains a vital part of Brussels’ cultural and historical landscape (Europe Diplomatic). For visitors, the building offers not only a glimpse into Belgium’s judicial history but also stunning views of the city from its terrace. As the restoration project progresses, the Palais de Justice is set to reclaim its architectural grandeur, continuing to inspire awe and admiration in those who visit. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to the Palais de Justice provides a unique and enriching experience that underscores the importance of preserving our historical monuments for future generations (Travel Tomorrow).

References

  • Wikipedia. (n.d.). Palace of Justice, Brussels. Retrieved from Wikipedia
  • Europe Diplomatic. (n.d.). A Palace for Justice, a Never-Ending Belgian Story. Retrieved from Europe Diplomatic
  • Introducing Brussels. (n.d.). Palais de Justice. Retrieved from Introducing Brussels
  • Lonely Planet. (n.d.). Palais de Justice. Retrieved from Lonely Planet
  • Travel Tomorrow. (n.d.). The Grand Restoration of Brussels’ Justice Palace to Start in 2024. Retrieved from Travel Tomorrow

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