Buxton Memorial Fountain.

Introduction

Nestled within the tranquil Victoria Tower Gardens, the Buxton Memorial Fountain is one of London's most poignant monuments. Erected in 1865 by Charles Buxton, it honors his father Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton and other key abolitionists who played pivotal roles in the emancipation of slaves throughout the British Empire. The fountain serves not only as a historical landmark but also as a symbol of social justice and moral triumph over slavery. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the Buxton Memorial Fountain's history, architectural design, visiting hours, ticketing information, and more, making it an essential read for history enthusiasts and casual visitors alike (Wikipedia, History Hit).

History and Purpose

The Buxton Memorial Fountain, commissioned by Charles Buxton in 1865, honors his father Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton and other prominent abolitionists. It commemorates the emancipation of slaves in the British Empire in 1834 and the significant role played by British parliamentarians in the abolition campaign (Wikipedia).

Key Figures in the Abolition Movement

The memorial is dedicated to several key figures who were instrumental in the abolition of slavery. These include:

• Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton: A British MP and social reformer who took over the leadership of the abolitionist movement from William Wilberforce.
• William Wilberforce: A leading figure in the abolitionist movement who campaigned tirelessly for the end of the British slave trade, which was achieved in 1807.
• Thomas Clarkson: A prominent abolitionist who gathered evidence and testimonies against the slave trade.
• Henry Brougham: An influential lawyer and politician who supported the abolitionist cause.
• Thomas Babington Macaulay: A historian and politician who advocated for the end of slavery.
• Stephen Lushington: A judge and abolitionist who played a crucial role in the legal battles against slavery (History Hit).

Architectural Design

Designed by Charles Buxton in collaboration with neo-Gothic architect Samuel Sanders Teulon, the octagonal fountain features arches on each face, housing images of significant British rulers. These include:

• Briton King Caractacus
• Roman Emperor Constantine
• Danish King Canute
• Saxon King Alfred
• Norman King William the Conqueror
• Queen Victoria, the reigning monarch at the time of the memorial's construction (London x London).

Construction and Unveiling

Completed in February 1866, the Buxton Memorial Fountain coincided with the passing of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ending slavery in the United States. The memorial was unveiled as a symbol of the abolitionist movement's success and the end of slavery in the British Empire (Wikipedia).

Restoration and Preservation

The Buxton Memorial Fountain has undergone several restorations. Notably, The Royal Parks carried out a restoration unveiled on March 27, 2007, commemorating the 200th anniversary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act in 1807 (London Remembers).

Inscriptions and Symbolism

The fountain bears inscriptions highlighting its purpose and significance, including:

"This fountain is intended as a memorial of those members of Parliament who, with Mr. Wilberforce, advocated the abolition of the British slave-trade, achieved in 1807; and of those members of Parliament who, with Sir T. Fowell Buxton, advocated the emancipation of the slaves throughout the British dominions, achieved in 1834" (History Hit).

Intricate mosaics and bronze figures represent various aspects of British history and culture, including the arts, agriculture, science, and industry. The top of the fountain is adorned with a statue of the Greek god Anteros, symbolizing requited love and the moral victory of the abolitionist cause (London LHR).

Relocation and Current Status

Originally located in Parliament Square, the Buxton Memorial Fountain was moved to its current location in Victoria Tower Gardens in 1957. This relocation aimed to preserve and highlight the memorial's historical significance. Today, it stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the abolitionist movement and the fight for human rights (London Remembers).

Practical Information for Visitors

Visiting Hours and Ticket Information

Visitors can enjoy a peaceful stroll through Victoria Tower Gardens, taking in the beautiful design and historical significance of the Buxton Memorial Fountain. Visiting hours are from 7 am to 10 pm daily, and entry is free. The fountain is located approximately 200 meters from the entrance to Lambeth Bridge, making it easily accessible for those walking from the Houses of Parliament along the Thames River (London x London).

While the fountain no longer serves its practical purpose as a drinking fountain, the surrounding gardens offer a café and accessible toilet facilities, making it a convenient and enjoyable destination for visitors. Unfortunately, there are no guided tours or ticket requirements, as access is free. For photography enthusiasts, the fountain and its surroundings provide picturesque spots, especially during sunrise and sunset (History Hit).

Travel Tips

For visitors traveling by public transport, the Westminster tube station is the most convenient option. Bus routes 148, 211, and 24 also stop nearby. If you are driving, please note that parking is limited in central London, and using public transportation is recommended (Transport for London).

Nearby Attractions

Houses of Parliament and Big Ben

Just a short walk from the Buxton Memorial Fountain, the iconic Houses of Parliament and Big Ben offer guided tours and stunning views of the River Thames.

Tate Britain

The Tate Britain art gallery, showcasing British art from the 16th century to the present day, is also within walking distance, providing a cultural complement to your visit.

Churchill War Rooms

Additionally, the Churchill War Rooms provide an immersive experience of Britain's wartime history, located nearby and offering a deeper dive into the nation's past (Visit London).

Cultural Events and Commemorations

Annual Celebrations

The Buxton Memorial Fountain is often the focal point for annual celebrations and commemorations related to the abolition of slavery. Events such as Emancipation Day and Black History Month feature ceremonies and educational activities at the fountain, drawing attention to its historical significance and the ongoing struggle for racial equality and justice (Black History Month UK).

Community Engagement

Local community groups and organizations frequently use the fountain as a gathering place for discussions, workshops, and performances that highlight the themes of freedom, equality, and human rights. These events foster a sense of community and encourage public engagement with the historical and cultural narratives represented by the Buxton Memorial Fountain (London.gov).

FAQ

Q: What are the visiting hours for the Buxton Memorial Fountain?

A: The fountain is accessible daily from 7 am to 10 pm.

Q: Is there an entrance fee or need for tickets?

A: No, entry to the Buxton Memorial Fountain is free.

Q: Are there guided tours available?

A: No, there are no guided tours available, but the location is easy to explore on your own.

Q: What amenities are available near the fountain?

A: The surrounding gardens feature a café and accessible toilet facilities.

Q: What is the best time for photography?

A: Sunrise and sunset provide excellent lighting for capturing the memorial and its surroundings.