Stolperstein Dedicated to Else Less.

Introduction

The Stolperstein (literally "stumbling stone") dedicated to Else Less in Baden-Baden is a profound symbol of remembrance, offering visitors an opportunity to connect personally with the victims of the Holocaust and the Jewish community that once flourished in the city. Stolpersteine, small brass memorial plaques embedded in city sidewalks, are part of a decentralized memorial project initiated by artist Gunter Demnig in 1992. Each stone marks the last freely chosen residence of an individual persecuted by the Nazi regime, making remembrance an intimate part of the urban landscape. In Baden-Baden, these stones not only honor victims like Else Less but also foster ongoing education, reflection, and community engagement.

For more information and resources, see Stolpersteine.eu, Gedenkbuch Baden-Baden, and Baden-Baden Tourist Information.

Origins and Development of the Stolpersteine Project

The Stolpersteine project is recognized as the world’s largest decentralized memorial, with over 116,000 stones installed across 31 European countries as of 2024 (Wikipedia - Stolperstein). Conceived by Gunter Demnig, the project began as an artistic intervention to commemorate individuals at their last freely chosen address before falling victim to Nazi persecution. The stones, small concrete cubes topped with a hand-engraved brass plate, are placed flush with the pavement, inviting passersby to "stumble" upon memory in their daily lives (Stolpersteine.eu).

This unique, decentralized approach transforms sidewalks and city streets into living memorials, integrating remembrance into the fabric of everyday life and ensuring that the names of victims are not forgotten.

Else Less: Life, Persecution, and Commemoration

Early Life and Community

Else Less (née Grünbaum) was a Jewish resident of Baden-Baden, a city renowned for its spa culture and cosmopolitan atmosphere. Before the rise of the Nazi regime, the Jewish community played a significant and vibrant role in the city’s life.

Nazi Persecution and Deportation

With the Nazi rise to power, Jewish citizens in Baden-Baden faced growing persecution. Else Less and her husband Leopold were eventually targeted during the systematic deportations of the early 1940s. On October 22, 1940, they were deported to the Gurs internment camp in France. Leopold died en route, while Else survived and later returned to Baden-Baden after the war (Gedenkbuch Baden-Baden).

The Stolperstein Memorial

The Stolperstein for Else Less, installed on January 27, 2009, at Vincentistraße 25, serves as a tangible link to her life and fate. The inscription typically begins with "Hier wohnte" ("Here lived"), followed by her personal details, serving as a powerful reminder of the individual stories behind historical tragedies.

Alt text: Stolperstein for Else Less embedded in the sidewalk at Vincentistraße 25, Baden-Baden.

Location, Visiting Hours, and Accessibility

Location

The Stolperstein for Else Less is located at Vincentistraße 25, Baden-Baden, in front of her last freely chosen residence. This address is accessible on foot and is near other historical sites in the city (Stolpersteine.eu).

Visiting Hours and Tickets

• Accessibility: Stolpersteine are in public sidewalks and accessible 24/7.
• Tickets: No tickets or reservations are required; visits are free of charge.
• Best Time: Daylight hours are recommended for better visibility and reading of inscriptions.

Getting There

Baden-Baden is a compact city with efficient public transport. The Stolperstein is within walking distance from major landmarks such as the Kurhaus and the Altstadt. For directions, consult the Baden-Baden tourism office or use navigation apps.

Accessibility

Most Stolpersteine, including Else Less’s, are embedded flush with the sidewalk, generally accessible to those with mobility aids. Be aware that some streets may have uneven cobblestones.

Community Involvement and Cultural Significance

The Stolperstein project in Baden-Baden thrives on community engagement. Schools, cultural associations, and local Jewish organizations sponsor stones, organize cleaning events, and participate in installation ceremonies. The project is a catalyst for remembrance and education, fostering ongoing dialogue about history, tolerance, and identity (goodnews4.de).

Cultural events often accompany new installations, including exhibitions and musical tributes, such as those performed by students and local musicians at commemorative ceremonies (gedenkbuch.baden-baden.de).

Practical Visitor Tips

• Wear comfortable walking shoes: Stolpersteine are best explored on foot.
• Bring a small stone or flower: It is customary to leave a token of remembrance.
• Respect the site: Pause, read the inscription, and be mindful of residents.
• Photography: Permitted and encouraged as a means of sharing and remembering.
• Report damage: Notify the city or Stolpersteine coordinators if you notice a stone is damaged or missing.
• Use resources: Download the Stolpersteine Guide app or Audiala app for enriched experiences.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What are the visiting hours for the Stolperstein for Else Less?
A: The Stolperstein is accessible at any time, year-round, as it is embedded in a public sidewalk.

Q: Is there an entry fee or ticket required?
A: No, the Stolperstein is free to visit.

Q: Are Stolpersteine wheelchair accessible?
A: Generally yes, but some nearby streets may have uneven cobblestones.

Q: Where can I find more Stolpersteine in Baden-Baden?
A: Many are located near the city center and residential neighborhoods. The tourist information office provides maps and updates.

Q: Can I photograph the Stolperstein?
A: Yes, photography is permitted.

Q: How can I learn more during my visit?
A: Use the Stolpersteine Guide app or join a guided tour.