Queen's Valley in Luxor Egypt with ancient tombs on desert terrain

Valley Of The Queens

Visiting Hours, Tickets, and Historical Significance of the Valley of the Queens, Luxor, Egypt

Publication Date: 23/07/2024

Introduction to the Valley of the Queens

Nestled on the west bank of the Nile near Luxor, Egypt, the Valley of the Queens is an ancient necropolis that served as the final resting place for queens and royal children during the New Kingdom period (1550-1070 BCE). Known in ancient times as Ta-Set-Neferu, which translates to ‘The Place of Beauty,’ the Valley of the Queens is a treasure trove of history, art, and religious significance. This comprehensive guide will explore the origins, architectural evolution, and religious importance of the Valley of the Queens, while also providing practical visitor information and travel tips.

The Valley of the Queens was chosen for its relative seclusion and proximity to the Valley of the Kings. The earliest tombs date back to the 18th Dynasty, and the site continued to be used through the 20th Dynasty. The tombs evolved significantly over time, from simple chambers to elaborate tombs featuring intricate wall paintings and extensive burial goods. For example, the tomb of Queen Nefertari (QV66) is renowned for its vivid wall paintings and elaborate decorations (UNESCO).

Beyond its architectural significance, the Valley of the Queens holds immense cultural and religious importance. The tombs were designed to ensure the safe passage of the deceased into the afterlife, featuring scenes from the Book of the Dead and images of deities like Osiris, Anubis, and Hathor (British Museum). This guide will delve into notable tombs, archaeological excavations, preservation efforts, and practical advice for visitors to help you make the most out of your visit to this fascinating historical site.

Portrait of one of Ramesses III's queens from the tomb of Prehirwenemef

Queen Tyti of ancient Egypt dressed as male Inmutef priest in tomb QV52

Inscription from the tomb of Tanejemet in the Valley of the Queens

West wall of the tomb of Prince Amonherkepeshef with depictions of god Shu, Pharaoh Ramesses III, and young Prince Amonherkepeshef

Vintage photo of transporting crates on Decauville railways in the Valley of the Queens, 1905-1906

Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic titles of Princess-Queen from tomb QV75 in the Valley of the Queens

Valley of the Queens archaeological site with ancient Egyptian tombs

Aerial view of the Valley of the Queens near Luxor, Egypt with desert terrain and ancient tombs visible

Valley of the Queens archaeological site in Egypt with ancient tombs and surrounding desert landscape

Ancient Egyptian tomb in the Valley of the Queens with intricate wall paintings and hieroglyphs

Aerial view of the Valley of the Queens in Egypt showing ancient tombs and desert landscape

Contents Overview

Introduction
History of the Valley of the Queens
Origins and Early Use
Architectural Evolution
Religious Significance
Notable Tombs and Discoveries
Tomb of Nefertari (QV66)
Tomb of Khaemwaset (QV44)
Tomb of Amunherkhepshef (QV55)
Archaeological Excavations
Preservation and Conservation
Modern Significance
Visitor Information
Visiting Hours
Ticket Prices
Travel Tips
Nearby Attractions
Accessibility
FAQ
Conclusion

History of the Valley of the Queens

Origins and Early Use

The Valley of the Queens was chosen for its relative seclusion and proximity to the Valley of the Kings. The earliest tombs date back to the 18th Dynasty, with the site continuing to be used through the 20th Dynasty.

Architectural Evolution

The tombs in the Valley of the Queens evolved significantly over time. Early tombs were relatively simple, consisting of a single chamber or a small series of rooms. However, as the New Kingdom progressed, the tombs became more elaborate. By the 19th and 20th Dynasties, tombs featured multiple chambers, intricate wall paintings, and extensive burial goods. The tomb of Queen Nefertari, the wife of Ramses II, is a prime example of this architectural and artistic evolution. Her tomb, designated QV66, is renowned for its vivid wall paintings and elaborate decorations (UNESCO).

Religious Significance

The Valley of the Queens was not just a burial site but also a place of religious significance. The tombs were designed to ensure the safe passage of the deceased into the afterlife. This belief is evident in the tomb decorations, which often depict scenes from the Book of the Dead, a collection of spells and incantations intended to guide the deceased through the underworld. The tombs also feature images of various deities, including Osiris, Anubis, and Hathor, who were believed to protect and assist the deceased in their journey (British Museum).

Notable Tombs and Discoveries

Tomb of Nefertari (QV66)

One of the most famous tombs in the Valley of the Queens is that of Queen Nefertari, the favorite wife of Ramses II. Discovered in 1904 by Italian archaeologist Ernesto Schiaparelli, the tomb is celebrated for its stunning wall paintings, which depict Nefertari in various scenes of the afterlife. The tomb’s vibrant colors and intricate details have led many to consider it one of the most beautiful in Egypt (Getty Conservation Institute).

Tomb of Khaemwaset (QV44)

Another significant tomb is that of Khaemwaset, a son of Ramses III. This tomb is notable for its extensive use of color and detailed depictions of Khaemwaset’s journey through the afterlife. The tomb also contains numerous inscriptions and hieroglyphs, providing valuable insights into the religious beliefs and practices of the time (Theban Mapping Project).

Tomb of Amunherkhepshef (QV55)

The tomb of Amunherkhepshef, another son of Ramses III, is also noteworthy. Discovered in 1903, the tomb features detailed wall paintings that depict Amunherkhepshef in various scenes with his father and the gods. The tomb also contains numerous artifacts, including a well-preserved sarcophagus and various burial goods (Theban Mapping Project).

Archaeological Excavations

The Valley of the Queens has been the site of numerous archaeological excavations since the early 19th century. Early explorers, such as Giovanni Belzoni and John Gardner Wilkinson, made significant discoveries, but it was not until the early 20th century that systematic excavations began. Ernesto Schiaparelli’s discovery of Nefertari’s tomb in 1904 marked a turning point in the site’s exploration. Since then, numerous other tombs have been discovered and studied, providing valuable insights into the lives and beliefs of the ancient Egyptians (Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities).

Preservation and Conservation

The preservation and conservation of the tombs in the Valley of the Queens have been ongoing challenges. The tombs’ delicate wall paintings are particularly vulnerable to damage from humidity, temperature fluctuations, and human activity. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to protect and conserve these invaluable cultural treasures. The Getty Conservation Institute, for example, has been involved in extensive conservation work in Nefertari’s tomb, employing advanced techniques to stabilize and preserve the wall paintings (Getty Conservation Institute).

Modern Significance

Today, the Valley of the Queens remains a site of immense historical and cultural significance. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to attract scholars and tourists from around the world. The ongoing archaeological work and conservation efforts ensure that this ancient necropolis will continue to provide valuable insights into the lives and beliefs of the ancient Egyptians for generations to come (UNESCO).

Visitor Information

Visiting Hours

The Valley of the Queens is open to visitors daily from 6 am to 5 pm. It is recommended to visit early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds.

Ticket Prices

Entrance fees for the Valley of the Queens vary. As of the latest update, general admission is approximately 100 EGP for adults. A separate ticket is required to visit the Tomb of Nefertari (QV66), priced at around 1400 EGP.

Travel Tips

Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit the Valley of the Queens is during the cooler months from October to April.
What to Bring: Comfortable walking shoes, sunscreen, a hat, and water are essential. Photography is generally prohibited inside the tombs.
Guided Tours: Consider hiring a guide to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of the tombs.

Nearby Attractions

While in Luxor, visitors can also explore nearby attractions such as the Valley of the Kings, the Temple of Hatshepsut, and the Luxor Temple. These sites offer a comprehensive view of ancient Egyptian history and culture.

Accessibility

The Valley of the Queens is accessible by car or taxi from Luxor. The site is well-maintained, with clear signage and information panels. However, some tombs may have limited accessibility for visitors with mobility issues.

FAQ

What are the visiting hours for the Valley of the Queens?

The Valley of the Queens is open daily from 6 am to 5 pm.

How much do tickets cost?

General admission is approximately 100 EGP, with an additional charge of 1400 EGP for the Tomb of Nefertari (QV66).

Are guided tours available?

Yes, guided tours are available and recommended for a more in-depth experience.

Conclusion

The Valley of the Queens is a remarkable historical site that offers a unique glimpse into the lives and beliefs of ancient Egyptian royalty. With its rich history, stunning tombs, and ongoing conservation efforts, it remains a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and travelers alike. Plan your visit today to explore this fascinating necropolis and uncover the secrets of ancient Egypt.

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