Casa Dos Bicos

Introduction: History and Cultural Significance

Casa dos Bicos, or the “House of Spikes,” stands as one of Lisbon’s most distinctive landmarks, celebrated for its remarkable diamond-shaped façade and its fusion of Italian Renaissance and Portuguese Manueline architectural styles. Built in 1523 by Brás de Albuquerque, son of the famed governor of Portuguese India, Afonso de Albuquerque, Casa dos Bicos was inspired by Brás’s travels through Italy, particularly by the Palazzo dei Diamanti in Ferrara and the Bevilacqua Palace in Bologna. The building’s exterior features approximately 1,125 diamond-shaped stone spikes (“bicos”), creating an arresting geometric pattern that reflects the Renaissance era’s fascination with form and light (Architectuul; Solar dos Bicos).

Located in the vibrant Alfama district, Casa dos Bicos has endured centuries of urban transformation, survived the devastating 1755 earthquake, and evolved from a Renaissance palace to a warehouse, and ultimately to a modern cultural landmark. Archaeological excavations in the 1980s uncovered Roman and Moorish remains, further enriching its historical narrative (Atlas Obscura). Today, it serves as the headquarters of the José Saramago Foundation, dedicated to Portugal’s Nobel Prize-winning writer, with exhibitions that blend literary heritage and archaeological discovery (Portugal Visitor; José Saramago Foundation).

This guide provides essential details on visiting Casa dos Bicos, including opening hours, ticket information, accessibility, travel tips, nearby attractions, and answers to frequently asked questions. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast, history lover, or a literary pilgrim, Casa dos Bicos promises a unique and multifaceted experience in the heart of Lisbon (Lisbon Portugal Tourism; Bonjour Lisbonne).

Origins and Construction in the 16th Century

Casa dos Bicos was erected in 1523 by Brás de Albuquerque, whose exposure to Italian Renaissance architecture during his travels profoundly influenced the building’s design (Architectuul; Solar dos Bicos). Its diamond-studded façade draws direct inspiration from the Palazzo dei Diamanti in Ferrara and the Bevilacqua Palace in Bologna, yet the structure is a unique blend of imported Renaissance ideas and Portugal’s own Manueline style. The site was originally situated in the Ribeira Velha district, close to the city’s ancient fish market and the Tagus River (Solar dos Bicos).

Architectural Features and Influences

Casa dos Bicos is a rare surviving example of a 16th-century urban palace. The façade consists of over 1,000 diamond-shaped stones, creating a dynamic visual effect that changes with the light. Manueline elements are prominent in the ornamental window and door frames—showcasing intricate maritime motifs symbolic of Portugal’s Age of Discoveries (Architectuul). While the “bicos” are the building’s most iconic feature, its structure originally included four floors, a Renaissance loggia, and elaborate windows, some of which were reconstructed using historic drawings and tiles (Atlas Obscura; Portugal Travel Guide).

The 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Aftermath

The catastrophic earthquake of 1755 ravaged much of Lisbon, including Casa dos Bicos. While the upper floors were destroyed, the lower floors remained intact due to robust construction. The building’s function shifted multiple times, serving as a warehouse and fish market in subsequent centuries. Archaeological excavations later revealed evidence of a Roman fish sauce factory beneath the house (Solar dos Bicos; Atlas Obscura).

Restoration and Preservation

Designated a National Monument in 1910, Casa dos Bicos underwent significant restoration beginning in the 1980s (Solar dos Bicos). Archaeologists unearthed Roman and Moorish remains, and restorers rebuilt the upper façade using historic imagery. The restoration aimed to preserve the original “bicos” while integrating modern structural reinforcements to ensure the building’s longevity (Architectuul).

The Medieval Wall and Urban Context

Casa dos Bicos stands near remnants of Lisbon’s medieval defensive wall, known as the Cerca Moura. This fortification dates from the Moorish period and delineates the strategic importance of the area throughout Lisbon’s history. The surrounding streets, including Rua dos Bacalhoeiros, reflect the district’s commercial past, once lined with codfish warehouses and sweet shops (Solar dos Bicos).

The José Saramago Foundation

Since 2012, Casa dos Bicos has housed the José Saramago Foundation, honoring Portugal’s Nobel laureate in literature. The permanent exhibition, “José Saramago. The Seed and the Fruits,” features manuscripts, personal effects, audio-visual displays, and a recreation of the author’s writing studio (Portugal Visitor). The olive tree in the courtyard, brought from Saramago’s home in Lanzarote, marks the resting place of his ashes and symbolizes peace and resilience.

The Foundation organizes regular literary events, readings, and temporary exhibitions, making Casa dos Bicos a vibrant cultural venue (Visit Lisboa).

Visiting Casa dos Bicos: Hours, Tickets, and Accessibility

• Location: Rua dos Bacalhoeiros, 10, 1100-135 Lisboa, Alfama district
• Opening Hours: Monday to Saturday, 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM (last entry at 5:30 PM). Closed Sundays and major public holidays (José Saramago Foundation).
• Ticket Prices (2025):
  • Adults: €5
  • Seniors (65+): €3
  • Students & Children (under 18): Free
  • Free entry on the first Sunday of each month
• Accessibility: The building is wheelchair accessible, with ramps and elevators. Some historic areas may have uneven flooring due to archaeological preservation—staff assistance is available.
• Facilities: Cloakroom for small items, accessible restrooms, air conditioning, museum shop, and library. No on-site café, but numerous options are nearby.

Travel Tips

• Getting There: Easily accessible by metro (Terreiro do Paço, Blue Line), tram 28, and several bus routes.
• Best Times to Visit: Early mornings or weekdays offer a quieter atmosphere.
• Photography: Non-flash photography is permitted in most areas. Flash and tripods are generally prohibited.
• Duration: Allocate 1–1.5 hours to explore the exhibitions and architectural features.
• Guided Tours: Offered in Portuguese and English. Book in advance via the Foundation’s official website.
• Events: Check the event calendar for special exhibitions and literary activities.

What to See Inside Casa dos Bicos

José Saramago Foundation and Museum

• Saramago’s personal library, manuscripts, photographs, and a recreation of his studio.
• Multimedia and interactive displays about his life and works.
• A biographical film screening room.
• Bookshop with Saramago’s works and literary-themed gifts.

Archaeological Exhibition

• Remains of Roman walls, fish salting tanks, and medieval city structures visible through glass floors and panels.
• Integration of ancient urban layers with the Renaissance palace above (Portugal Visitor).

Architectural Features

• Façade with over 1,000 diamond-shaped stones, inspired by Italian Renaissance palaces.
• Interior marble staircase and modern design elements juxtaposed with historic features.

Nearby Attractions

• Sé de Lisboa (Lisbon Cathedral): More info
• Praça do Comércio: More info
• Igreja de Santo António de Lisboa: More info
• Castelo de São Jorge: More info
• Alfama District: Famed for winding streets, traditional Fado houses, and panoramic viewpoints.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: What are the Casa dos Bicos visiting hours?
A: Monday to Saturday, 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM. Closed Sundays and major holidays.

Q: How much are tickets?
A: Adults €5; seniors €3; students and children free; free on first Sundays of the month.

Q: Is Casa dos Bicos accessible?
A: Yes, wheelchair accessible with ramps and elevators, but some ancient areas may be uneven.

Q: Are guided tours available?
A: Yes, in Portuguese and English. Book in advance via the Foundation.

Q: Can I take photos inside?
A: Non-flash photography is permitted; flash and tripods are not allowed.

Visitor Experience and Tips

• Advance Booking: Purchase tickets online for convenience.
• Language: Exhibitions are bilingual (Portuguese & English).
• Duration: 1–1.5 hours suggested for a full visit.
• Dining: Nearby Alfama eateries, bakeries, and Fado restaurants.
• Shopping: Museum shop specializes in Saramago’s works and literary gifts.

Visual Gallery

(Include high-quality images of the diamond-studded façade, Saramago Foundation exhibitions, the olive tree memorial, and Alfama district. Suggested alt text: “Casa dos Bicos diamond façade Lisbon historical site,” “José Saramago Foundation interior,” “Olive tree memorial at Casa dos Bicos,” “Alfama district street view.”)

Explore More and Stay Connected

Discover more of Lisbon’s rich heritage by reading our related posts on Lisbon historical sites and Portuguese Renaissance architecture. Download the Audiala app for guided audio tours and exclusive content. Follow us on social media for the latest updates and visitor tips.

Official Links:

• José Saramago Foundation
• Casa dos Bicos on Atlas Obscura
• Solar dos Bicos History
• Casa dos Bicos – And Go To Portugal