Giza Pyramid Complex

Visiting Khafre Pyramid: Hours, Tickets, and Travel Tips

Date: 01/08/2024

Introduction

The Pyramid of Khafre, also known as the Pyramid of Chephren, is one of the most iconic symbols of ancient Egyptian civilization. Located on the Giza Plateau, this monumental structure was built around 2570 BCE during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Commissioned by Pharaoh Khafre, the pyramid originally stood at 143.5 meters (471 feet) but now measures approximately 136.4 meters (448 feet) due to the loss of the outer casing stones. The pyramid’s base spans 215 meters (705 feet) on each side, and it is aligned with remarkable precision to the cardinal points of the compass (The Collector).

The Pyramid of Khafre is renowned for its sophisticated construction techniques and architectural precision. The pyramid’s core is made of limestone blocks, while the outer casing was originally covered with Tura limestone, giving it a smooth, white appearance. Despite the removal of many casing stones over the centuries, some remain at the apex, offering a glimpse into its former grandeur (Encounter Travel).

Pharaoh Khafre, the son of Khufu (builder of the Great Pyramid), ruled Egypt during a period of significant architectural and cultural achievements. The Pyramid of Khafre is part of a larger complex that includes the Valley Temple, the Mortuary Temple, and the Great Sphinx, all of which served religious and ceremonial purposes (Sotor). This guide aims to provide comprehensive information on the history, significance, and practical aspects of visiting the Pyramid of Khafre, ensuring an enriching experience for all visitors.

Arab village in an oasis with palm trees in the shadow of the pyramids of Giza, Egypt 1914

Khafra Pyramid Complex and Temple of the Dead Map

Egyptian statuettes from Giza necropolis

Giza Great Sphinx with Khafre and Menkaure pyramids

Giza Great Sphinx and Pyramids of Khafre and Menkaure

A panoramic view of the Giza Necropolis featuring the Great Pyramids and the Sphinx under a clear blue sky

Giza Necropolis in Giza, Egypt showcasing the iconic Great Pyramids

Giza Necropolis with pyramids and the Great Sphinx under a clear blue sky

Introduction
History of the Pyramid of Khafre
The Great Sphinx and Its Connection to Khafre
Visitor Information
FAQ
Conclusion
Sources

History of the Pyramid of Khafre

Construction and Design

The Pyramid of Khafre, also known as the Pyramid of Chephren, was constructed around 2570 BCE during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Commissioned by Pharaoh Khafre, the pyramid is the second largest of the three pyramids on the Giza Plateau, standing at an original height of 143.5 meters (471 feet), though it now measures approximately 136.4 meters (448 feet) due to the loss of the outer casing stones (The Collector).

The pyramid’s base spans 215 meters (705 feet) on each side, and it is aligned with remarkable precision to the cardinal points of the compass. The sides of the pyramid are slightly concave, a unique feature that distinguishes it from other pyramids. This concavity is believed to have been an intentional design choice to enhance the pyramid’s structural stability (Encounter Travel).

Architectural Significance

The Pyramid of Khafre is renowned for its sophisticated construction techniques and architectural precision. The pyramid’s core is made of limestone blocks, while the outer casing was originally covered with Tura limestone, which gave the pyramid a smooth, white appearance. Some of the original casing stones are still visible at the pyramid’s apex, providing insight into its former grandeur (The Collector).

The pyramid complex includes several other significant structures, such as the Valley Temple, the Mortuary Temple, and the Great Sphinx. The Valley Temple, constructed from massive limestone and granite blocks, served as a site for the mummification process and religious ceremonies. The Mortuary Temple, located adjacent to the pyramid, was used for offerings and rituals dedicated to the deceased pharaoh (Sotor).

Historical Context

Pharaoh Khafre, the son of Khufu (builder of the Great Pyramid), ruled Egypt during a period of significant architectural and cultural achievements. Despite the scarcity of contemporary Egyptian sources about Khafre, Greek historians such as Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus provided detailed, albeit sometimes exaggerated, accounts of his reign. These accounts often depicted Khafre as a tyrannical ruler, though such descriptions should be taken with caution as they were written millennia after his reign (The Collector).

Tomb Robbing and Preservation

The Pyramid of Khafre, like many other ancient Egyptian tombs, was subjected to tomb robbing throughout history. The first recorded instance of looting occurred during the First Intermediate Period. Subsequent periods saw further desecration, including the removal of limestone blocks by Ramesses II for his temple at Heliopolis and the use of casing stones for the construction of the mosque of al-Hassan in the 14th century CE (The Collector).

Despite these acts of vandalism, the Pyramid of Khafre remains one of the best-preserved pyramids in Egypt. The pyramid’s internal structure, including the descending corridor, the King’s Chamber, and the granite sarcophagus, has been remarkably well-maintained. The pyramid’s alignment with celestial bodies and its architectural precision continue to fascinate archaeologists and historians alike (Encounter Travel).

Modern Archaeological Discoveries

The first scientific exploration of the Pyramid of Khafre was conducted by British scientist John Greaves in 1646, who noted the smoothness of the remaining limestone casing. In 1818, Italian explorer Giovanni Battista Belzoni discovered the original entrance to the pyramid and reached the King’s Chamber, finding it empty except for the black granite sarcophagus (The Collector).

Further significant excavations were carried out by John Shae Perring in 1837 and Auguste Mariette in the mid-19th century. Mariette’s team unearthed important artifacts, including a diorite statue of Khafre, which now resides in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. These discoveries have provided valuable insights into the construction techniques and religious practices of ancient Egypt (The Collector).

The Great Sphinx and Its Connection to Khafre

The Great Sphinx, located near the Pyramid of Khafre, is believed to have been constructed during Khafre’s reign. Scientific dating suggests that the Sphinx was created around 2500 BCE, contemporaneous with Khafre’s rule. The Sphinx’s face is thought to resemble Khafre, and a causeway connects the Sphinx to the pyramid and its temple complex. Stones cut from around the Sphinx were used for construction directly in front of it, likely for a temple or enclosure that was never completed (The Collector).

Visitor Information

Visiting Hours and Tickets

The Pyramid of Khafre is open to visitors from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM daily. Ticket prices vary, with general admission to the Giza Plateau costing around 200 EGP for adults and 100 EGP for students. Additional tickets are required to enter the pyramid’s interior, usually priced at 400 EGP for adults and 200 EGP for students. It’s advisable to check for any updates on prices or visiting hours from official sources before planning your visit.

Accessibility

The Giza Plateau is accessible to visitors with mobility challenges, though some areas may be difficult to navigate due to uneven terrain. It is recommended to bring water, wear comfortable shoes, and prepare for the hot climate, especially if visiting during the summer months.

Guided Tours and Special Events

Hiring a knowledgeable guide can enhance your visit by providing historical context and insights into the pyramid’s construction and significance. Many tour operators offer guided tours that include the Pyramid of Khafre, the Great Sphinx, and other pyramids on the Giza Plateau. Special events, such as evening sound and light shows, offer a unique way to experience the site and learn about its history.

Photographic Spots

For the best photography opportunities, visit during the early morning or late afternoon when the lighting is optimal. Popular spots include the base of the pyramid, the viewing platform near the Great Sphinx, and various points along the causeway that connects the pyramid to the Sphinx.

FAQ

Q: What are the visiting hours for the Pyramid of Khafre? A: The Pyramid of Khafre is open daily from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM.

Q: How much do tickets cost to visit the Pyramid of Khafre? A: General admission to the Giza Plateau is around 200 EGP for adults and 100 EGP for students. Additional tickets for entering the pyramid’s interior are usually 400 EGP for adults and 200 EGP for students.

Q: Is the Pyramid of Khafre accessible to visitors with mobility challenges? A: The Giza Plateau is accessible, but some areas may be difficult to navigate due to uneven terrain.

Q: Can I hire a guide for my visit? A: Yes, hiring a knowledgeable guide can enhance your visit by providing valuable historical context and insights.

Conclusion

The Pyramid of Khafre stands as a testament to the architectural prowess and cultural richness of ancient Egypt. Its construction, historical significance, and preservation continue to captivate scholars and tourists alike. By understanding its history and significance, visitors can fully appreciate the grandeur and mystery of this ancient wonder.

Call to Action

Plan your visit to the Pyramid of Khafre today and immerse yourself in the wonders of ancient Egypt. For more information on visiting hours, ticket prices, and guided tours, check out our website or follow us on social media for the latest updates.