Second Leiter Building

Second Leiter Building: Visiting Hours, Tickets & Chicago Historical Sites Guide

Date: 04/07/2025

Introduction

The Second Leiter Building is a pivotal landmark in Chicago’s architectural and commercial history. Located at 401 S State St, in the heart of the Loop, this eight-story 1891 structure—designed by William Le Baron Jenney, known as the “father of the skyscraper”—is renowned for its early adoption of steel-frame construction and fireproof design. These innovations not only transformed building methods but also enabled expansive, flexible retail spaces, attracting iconic tenants like Siegel, Cooper & Co. and Sears, Roebuck & Co. (Chicagology, DePaul University Chicago History Timeline).

Today, the Second Leiter Building stands as a hallmark of the Chicago School of architecture, with its rhythmic pink granite façade and broad window bays. While it now primarily serves as office and educational space, the building’s preserved exterior remains a compelling sight for architecture enthusiasts and visitors alike. This guide provides comprehensive historical context, practical visiting information, accessibility details, and recommendations for exploring nearby attractions—ensuring a rewarding experience for anyone interested in Chicago’s storied urban landscape.

Introduction
Historical Background
Architectural Features and Innovations
Visiting Information
Nearby Attractions
Travel and Safety Tips
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Conclusion and Call to Action
References

Historical Background

Construction and Architectural Vision

Commissioned by Levi Z. Leiter and designed by William Le Baron Jenney, the Second Leiter Building was completed in 1891. Jenney’s pioneering use of a steel skeleton frame allowed the structure to rise eight stories, with deep floor plates and minimal interior columns. This maximized open space and flexibility for large-scale retail operations, while the fireproof design addressed concerns in the wake of the Great Chicago Fire (Chicagology).

Retail Legacy: Siegel, Cooper & Co. and Sears

Shortly after its completion, the building became home to Siegel, Cooper & Co., one of the era’s most prominent department stores. Its robust steel frame and open interiors made it ideal for accommodating large retail crowds and elaborate displays. In 1932, Sears, Roebuck & Co.—then the world’s largest retailer—leased and modernized the building, investing nearly $900,000 in renovations. The Sears State Street store became a downtown retail anchor, drawing more than 150,000 visitors on its opening day (Chicagology).

Evolution and Adaptive Reuse

As consumer habits shifted in the late 20th century, downtown department stores declined. Sears closed its State Street flagship in 1983, and the Second Leiter Building was subsequently repurposed for office and educational use, exemplifying the city’s commitment to adaptive reuse and historic preservation (Chicagology).

Architectural Features and Innovations

Steel-Frame Construction: Jenney’s innovative skeletal structure allowed for greater height and larger, open interiors—setting a precedent for future skyscrapers.
Façade: Rhythmic pink granite, broad window bays, and minimal ornamentation reflect the functionalist ideals of the Chicago School.
Fireproofing: Advanced fireproof materials and design addressed safety concerns that arose after the Great Chicago Fire.
Landmark Status: The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976 and a Chicago Landmark in 1997.
Interior Features: Although not open to the public, historic elements such as a cast-iron staircase remain preserved inside (Chicagology).

Visiting Information

Location & Accessibility

Address: 401 S State St, Chicago, IL 60605 (Evendo)
Public Transit: Easily accessible via CTA Red and Blue Line subway stations, diverse bus routes, and is near Union Station for commuter rail.
Parking: Several parking garages are nearby, though public transit is recommended due to heavy traffic and limited parking.
Bike & Walking: The area is pedestrian- and bike-friendly, with guided bike tours available (Chicago Bike Adventures).

Visiting Hours

Exterior Viewing: The building’s exterior can be viewed any time during daylight hours. There are no official visiting hours.
Interior Access: The building currently functions as office and educational space and is not generally open for public tours.

Tickets and Admission

Exterior Viewing: No tickets or fees are required.
Special Tours: Guided architectural tours that include the Second Leiter Building may require advance booking and a fee through local tour providers.

Guided Tours & Visitor Tips

Guided Tours: Walking and bike tours of the Loop often feature the Second Leiter Building as a highlight (Chicago Bike Adventures).
Self-Guided Visits: Use self-guided maps and travel apps to explore at your pace (Evendo).
Accessibility: Sidewalks are wide and wheelchair-friendly; nearby venues such as the Harold Washington Library offer public restrooms.

Nearby Attractions

Harold Washington Library Center: Directly across the street, this postmodern landmark offers exhibitions and reading rooms.
Art Institute of Chicago: A short walk east, home to renowned art collections.
Millennium Park: Features the Cloud Gate sculpture, gardens, and outdoor concerts.
Chicago Board of Trade Building, The Rookery, Grant Park: Other architectural highlights within walking distance.

Travel and Safety Tips

Visit during daylight for safety and optimal photography (CityPASS).
Combine your visit with other Loop landmarks for a comprehensive experience.
Dress in layers and bring rain gear if participating in outdoor tours (Chicago Bike Adventures).
Use a Ventra Card and navigation apps for efficient public transit (CityPASS).
Be mindful of personal belongings and use well-lit streets after dark (Timeless Travel Steps).

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can I enter the Second Leiter Building?
No, public access is restricted to the exterior.

What are the visiting hours?
The building can be viewed from the outside at any time during daylight.

Are tickets required?
No, unless you are joining a specialized guided tour.

Is the site wheelchair accessible?
Yes, sidewalks are suitable for wheelchairs and strollers.

Are guided tours available?
Yes, through local architecture and bike tour providers.

Is there nearby parking?
Yes, but public transit is recommended due to congestion.

Conclusion and Call to Action

The Second Leiter Building is a cornerstone of Chicago’s architectural legacy, symbolizing innovation in skyscraper design and urban commerce. While interior access is limited, its striking exterior and central Loop location make it an essential stop for architecture fans and city explorers. Enhance your visit by joining a guided tour, exploring nearby attractions, and using resources like the Audiala app for up-to-date visitor information and exclusive content. Stay connected with us on social media for the latest Chicago travel insights.