Historical Background
Origins and Early Use
Fontanelle Cemetery traces its origins to the 16th century as a tuff quarry in Naples’ Materdei district (Wikipedia). As city burial spaces became scarce and health regulations pushed cemeteries outside the city walls, undertakers exhumed remains from churchyards, transferring them to the caves of Fontanelle (Harpaceas PDF).
Epidemics and Mass Burials
The site’s role expanded dramatically during the 1656 plague, which decimated nearly half of Naples’ population. With traditional burial sites overwhelmed, Fontanelle served as the main repository for the dead, with bodies placed in shallow graves or stacked in the cavern. Subsequent disasters, such as the 1836 cholera epidemic, further increased the number of interments (Girl from Naples).
Organization, Folklore, and Social Significance
By the late 19th century, Fontanelle was a chaotic mass of bones until Gaetano Barbati and local volunteers reorganized the remains, giving rise to the "Cult of the Dead" tradition. Devotees “adopted” skulls, cared for them, and prayed for spiritual intercession, blending Catholicism with local folklore (Wikipedia).
Closure, Restoration, and Present Use
In 1969, the cemetery was closed by Cardinal Corrado Ursi over concerns about excessive devotional practices (Wikipedia). It later reopened following restoration, now serving as a site of historical and cultural importance (Cimitero delle Fontanelle Official Site).
The “Cult of the Dead” and Neapolitan Spirituality
Fontanelle Cemetery is at the heart of Naples’ unique “Cult of the Dead” or “anime pezzentelle” tradition (ABC News; Charmenapoli). This practice involves adopting and caring for a skull (capuzzella), offering prayers, cleaning, and tokens such as flowers or coins in exchange for spiritual favors. The tradition is a blend of Catholic doctrine and folk beliefs, reflecting the city’s approach to death as part of daily life.
Specific skulls, such as “Donna Concetta” and “Il Capitano,” are associated with local legends and miracles. These stories reinforce the communal bonds between the living and the dead, transforming the cemetery into a space of both grief and hope (Charmenapoli; Around the World 4U).
Practical Visitor Information
Location and Getting There
- Address Via Fontanelle, 80, 80136 Napoli, Italy
- Nearest Metro Materdei (Line 1), about a 10-minute walk (Guide to Europe)
- Bus Several city lines serve Via Fontanelle
- Taxi Widely available; direct drop-off at the entrance
- From Airport Approximately 20–30 minutes by taxi from Naples International Airport
Visiting Hours
As of July 2025:
- Open Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00–17:00 (last entry 30 minutes before closing)
- Closed Mondays and public holidays
- Check for updates Comune di Napoli official website
Admission and Tickets
- Entry Free of charge; donations encouraged (Visit Naples)
- Guided Tours Highly recommended for deeper context; book on-site or in advance (Catacombe di Napoli; Cimitero Fontanelle Official)
Accessibility
- Main galleries Generally level, but some uneven or slippery surfaces
- Wheelchair access Limited; no elevators or ramps
- Footwear Comfortable, closed-toe shoes recommended
Visitor Etiquette
- Maintain a respectful and quiet demeanor; this is a sacred site
- Modest dress is encouraged
- Photography is permitted, but avoid flash and commercial photography without permission
- No food or drink inside the cemetery
What to See
- Ossuary Displays Thousands of skulls and bones arranged in geometric patterns
- The Nave of the Plague Victims Central chamber with remains from the 1656 plague
- Anime Pezzentelle Altars Small shrines decorated with flowers, candles, and written petitions
- Local Legends Guides share stories of miracles and apparitions associated with the site
Nearby Attractions
- Catacombs of San Gennaro and San Gaudioso Other significant burial sites nearby
- National Archaeological Museum Short distance away
- Vibrant Sanità District Explore local markets and authentic Neapolitan life (Trek Zone)
Travel Tips
- Best time to visit Early mornings on weekdays
- Duration Allow at least 1 hour; more if taking a guided tour
- Weather Underground, so suitable for visits year-round
- Facilities Public restrooms available; cafes and shops nearby
FAQ
Q: What are the Fontanelle Cemetery visiting hours?
A: Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00–17:00 (last entry 30 minutes prior); closed Mondays and public holidays.
Q: Are tickets required?
A: No; entry is free. Donations are appreciated.
Q: Is a guided tour necessary?
A: Not mandatory, but highly recommended for full appreciation of the site’s history and traditions.
Q: Is the cemetery accessible for people with disabilities?
A: Some main galleries are accessible, but uneven ground and steps limit full access.
Q: Can I take photos?
A: Yes, but flash and commercial photography may be restricted; always check on-site.
