Will and Kate on Parliament Hill watching Canadian Grenadier Guards

Centennial Flame

Visiting the Centennial Flame: A Complete Guide

Date: 23/07/2024

Introduction

The Centennial Flame, located on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Canada, is an enduring symbol of national unity and progress. Inaugurated on January 1, 1967, by then-Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson, the flame was initially intended to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation (Parliament of Canada). Over the years, this monument has grown in significance and now serves as a focal point for various cultural and political events. The flame, which combines the elements of fire and water, is surrounded by bronze shields representing the provinces and territories of Canada, emphasizing the nation’s unity and diversity. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the Centennial Flame’s history, cultural importance, and essential visitor information, ensuring a rewarding experience for all who visit.

Centennial Flame outside the Canadian Parliament buildings

Centennial Flame in front of the Centre Block of the Parliament of Canada

Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario

Centennial Flame in front of Parliament Hill, Ottawa

Centennial Flame at Parliament Hill in Ottawa

Centennial Flame in Ottawa 2004 at night with Parliament buildings in the background

Centennial Flame Northwest Territories, Yukon, BC, Alberta, Saskatchewan shields of arms

Centennial Flame in Ottawa with Parliament Hill in the background

Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill in Ottawa

Peace Tower and Parliament Hill Centre Block framed by Centennial Flame in Ottawa

Parliament Hill with Centre Block and Centennial Flame in Ottawa

Closer view of the eternal flame outside the Canadian Parliament buildings in Ottawa

Yellow fire hydrant with graffiti in Shanghai, China

Fire on the fountain in front of the Canadian Parliament

Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill at night

Centennial Flame in front of Centre Block Parliament Hill Ottawa

Flamme du centenaire at Parliament Hill in Ottawa

Centennial Flame at Parliament Hill, Ottawa

Manitoba Shield of Arms Centennial Flame

New Brunswick provincial shield Centennial Flame

Newfoundland's Provincial Shield of Arms Centennial Flame

Centennial Flame and Peace Tower at Parliament Hill in Ottawa

The Centennial Flame at Parliament Hill in Ottawa

Ottawa Parliament flame in front of the Parliament buildings

National War Memorial in Ottawa with flowers and condolence messages

Centennial Flame in Ottawa at Parliament Hill

Ottawa Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill

Ottawa Parliament Hill left side view and Peace Tower

Parliament of Canada, Centre Block with Centennial Flame

Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Canada

Centennial Flame in front of the Peace Tower and Centre Block

Parliament Hill in Ottawa with Wellington Street in the foreground

Parliament Hill in Ottawa on a clear day

Peace Tower and Centennial Flame of the Parliament of Canada in Ottawa

People tending to a permanent fire outdoors

[Introduction](#introductionintroduction)
[History of the Centennial Flame](#history-of-the-centennial-flamehistory-of-the-centennial-flame)
- [Origins and Inception](#origins-and-inceptionorigins-and-inception)
- [Design and Symbolism](#design-and-symbolismdesign-and-symbolism)
- [Evolution and Changes](#evolution-and-changesevolution-and-changes)
[Cultural and Political Significance](#cultural-and-political-significancecultural-and-political-significance)
[Visitor Experience](#visitor-experiencevisitor-experience)
- [Best Times to Visit](#best-times-to-visitbest-times-to-visit)
- [Photography Tips](#photography-tipsphotography-tips)
- [Accessibility and Visitor Tips](#accessibility-and-visitor-tipsaccessibility-and-visitor-tips)
[Nearby Attractions](#nearby-attractionsnearby-attractions)
[Preservation and Maintenance](#preservation-and-maintenancepreservation-and-maintenance)
[Educational Value](#educational-valueeducational-value)
[FAQ](#faqfaq)
[Conclusion](#conclusionconclusion)

History of the Centennial Flame

Origins and Inception

The Centennial Flame was inaugurated on January 1, 1967, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation. The flame was lit by then-Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson as part of the nationwide celebrations marking this significant milestone in Canadian history. The flame symbolizes the unity and enduring spirit of the Canadian nation, reflecting the country’s journey from its founding to its present state.

Design and Symbolism

The Centennial Flame is a unique monument, combining both fire and water elements. It consists of a circular fountain with a central gas-fed flame that burns continuously. Surrounding the flame are 12 bronze shields, each representing one of the provinces and territories that were part of Canada in 1967. Each shield is adorned with the provincial or territorial coat of arms, symbolizing the unity and diversity of the Canadian federation.

The design of the Centennial Flame was the result of a collaborative effort between various artists and engineers. The flame itself is fueled by natural gas, which is piped in from a nearby source. The water in the fountain is continuously recirculated, creating a dynamic interplay between the elements of fire and water. This design choice was intended to represent the balance and harmony within the Canadian Confederation.

Evolution and Changes

Since its inception, the Centennial Flame has undergone several modifications and updates. One of the most significant changes occurred in 2017, during the 150th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation. To mark this milestone, a new bronze shield was added to the monument to represent Nunavut, which became Canada’s newest territory in 1999. This addition was a significant moment in the history of the Centennial Flame, as it acknowledged the evolving nature of the Canadian federation and the inclusion of all its regions.

Cultural and Political Significance

The Centennial Flame holds a special place in the hearts of Canadians and is a popular symbol of national pride. It serves as a reminder of the country’s rich history and the achievements of its people. The flame is often the site of various ceremonies and events, including Remembrance Day services, Canada Day celebrations, and other significant national occasions.

Politically, the Centennial Flame is a symbol of the unity and resilience of the Canadian Confederation. It represents the collective efforts of the provinces and territories to build a strong and prosperous nation. The flame’s continuous burning is a testament to the enduring spirit of Canada and its commitment to progress and development.

Visitor Experience

Best Times to Visit

The Centennial Flame is accessible year-round, but the best times to visit are during the spring and summer when the weather is pleasant. The site is particularly beautiful at night when the flame’s glow illuminates the surrounding area, creating a serene and contemplative atmosphere.

Photography Tips

For the best photographs, visit the Centennial Flame during the golden hours of sunrise or sunset. The contrast between the flame and the snow-covered landscape during the winter months also offers a unique visual appeal.

Accessibility and Visitor Tips

The Centennial Flame is accessible year-round, and there is no admission fee to visit the site. It is located at the main entrance to Parliament Hill, making it easy to include in a tour of the parliamentary precinct. Visitors are encouraged to check the official Parliament Hill website for any updates or changes to access, especially during special events or maintenance periods.

For those planning a visit, it is recommended to wear comfortable walking shoes, as the area around Parliament Hill is expansive and offers many other attractions to explore. Additionally, visitors should be prepared for varying weather conditions, as Ottawa experiences a wide range of temperatures throughout the year.

Nearby Attractions

While visiting the Centennial Flame, there are several other historical sites and attractions nearby that are worth exploring:

Parliament Buildings: Take a guided tour of the iconic Parliament Buildings and learn about Canada’s political history.
ByWard Market: A bustling area with shops, restaurants, and local vendors offering a taste of Ottawa’s vibrant culture.
National War Memorial: Pay your respects at this significant monument dedicated to Canadians who have served in armed conflicts.
Rideau Canal: Enjoy a scenic walk or boat ride along this historic waterway, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Preservation and Maintenance

Maintaining the Centennial Flame is a priority for the Canadian government. Regular inspections and maintenance are carried out to ensure the flame continues to burn brightly and the fountain operates smoothly. The natural gas supply is monitored to prevent any disruptions, and the bronze shields are periodically cleaned and polished to preserve their appearance.

In recent years, there have been discussions about incorporating more sustainable energy sources to fuel the flame. While natural gas is currently used, there is interest in exploring alternative options that align with Canada’s commitment to environmental sustainability. These discussions reflect the ongoing efforts to balance tradition with modernity and ensure the Centennial Flame remains a relevant and meaningful symbol for future generations.

Educational Value

The Centennial Flame also serves an educational purpose, providing visitors with insights into Canada’s history and the significance of the Confederation. Informational plaques and guided tours are available to help visitors understand the monument’s historical context and its role in Canadian society. Schools and educational groups often include the Centennial Flame in their visits to Parliament Hill, using it as a teaching tool to discuss Canadian history, politics, and culture.

FAQ

Q: What are the Centennial Flame visiting hours? A: The Centennial Flame is accessible 24/7, but it’s best to visit during daylight hours for a full experience.

Q: Is there an admission fee to visit the Centennial Flame? A: No, visiting the Centennial Flame is free of charge.

Q: Are there guided tours available? A: Yes, guided tours of Parliament Hill often include a visit to the Centennial Flame. Check the official Parliament Hill website for more information.

Q: Can I take photographs at the Centennial Flame? A: Yes, photography is allowed and encouraged. The flame provides a stunning backdrop for photos, especially at night.

Q: Are there any special events held at the Centennial Flame? A: Yes, the Centennial Flame is often the site of ceremonies and events, including Remembrance Day services and Canada Day celebrations.

Conclusion

The Centennial Flame stands as a powerful testament to Canada’s unity, resilience, and progress. This monument, which began as a temporary installation for the centennial celebrations in 1967, has grown into a permanent symbol of national pride and historical significance (Parliament of Canada). Whether you visit for personal reflection, educational purposes, or to partake in national celebrations, the Centennial Flame offers a memorable and meaningful experience. With its rich history, continuous flame, and surrounding fountain, it serves as a reminder of the enduring spirit of Canada and its commitment to inclusivity and progress. As you explore this iconic site and the many other attractions on Parliament Hill, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for the country’s past, present, and future.

References

‘Visiting the Centennial Flame in Ottawa - History, Significance, and Visitor Tips’, 2024, Parliament of Canada
‘Essential Visitor Tips for the Centennial Flame in Ottawa - Best Times, Tours, and More!’, 2024, Parliament of Canada