Visitors to Fort McHenry standing for the National Anthem with the Star Spangled Banner in the background

Fort Mchenry National Monument And Historic Shrine

Visiting Fort McHenry: History, Tickets, and Tips

Date: 18/07/2024

Introduction

Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine stands as a testament to American resilience and patriotism, deeply woven into the fabric of the nation’s history. Situated at the entrance of Baltimore’s harbor, Fort McHenry was originally constructed in 1794 and named after James McHenry, a prominent physician and politician who served as Secretary of War under President George Washington (Encyclopedia Britannica). The fort is most renowned for its pivotal role during the War of 1812 when it successfully defended Baltimore from British forces during a 25-hour bombardment on September 13-14, 1814. This event inspired Francis Scott Key to pen the poem ‘Defence of Fort McHenry,’ which later became the lyrics to ‘The Star-Spangled Banner,’ the national anthem of the United States (Library of Congress).

Beyond its historical significance, Fort McHenry serves as a symbol of American perseverance and freedom. It has continued to play a vital role in U.S. military history, serving as a prison during the Civil War and as a Coast Guard base during both World Wars. Today, it is preserved as a National Monument and Historic Shrine, offering visitors a profound connection to the past and a glimpse into the events that shaped the nation (National Park Service).

Baltimore City's Honor Guard at 9/11 ceremony

Baltimore City's Honor Guard at 9/11 ceremony at Fort McHenry

9/11 commemoration at Fort McHenry in Baltimore

9/11 commemoration at Fort McHenry in Baltimore on September 11, 2014, during the Star-Spangled Spectacular

Historic reenactors behind a cannon at Fort McHenry with flag reading 'A free trade and sailors rights'

A soldier in beige uniform speaks to a family at Fort McHenry.

A view of Fort McHenry and the entrance of the harbour of Baltimore

Bombardment of Fort McHenry near Baltimore by the British fleet in 1814

Baltimore Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine

Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine in Baltimore

Baltimore fire boat in the harbor near Fort McHenry

Color-adjusted and cropped map of Baltimore from NOAA Coast Pilot 3

Fort McHenry National Monument with Blue Angels flying over

Blue Angels flying over Fort McHenry National Monument

Cannons at Fort McHenry in Baltimore, Maryland

Introduction
Early Years and Construction
The War of 1812 and the ‘Star-Spangled Banner’
Post-War Years and Evolution
Visitor Information
Travel Tips and Nearby Attractions
Accessibility
Special Events and Guided Tours
Photographic Spots
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Conclusion

Ultimate Guide to Visiting Fort McHenry - History, Tickets, and More

Fort McHenry’s story is deeply intertwined with the very birth of the United States and its national anthem.

Early Years and Construction

1776 - The initial fortification on Whetstone Point, a strategic location guarding the Baltimore harbor, was a small, five-sided earthwork battery named Fort Whetstone (National Park Service).
1794 - Recognizing the need for stronger defenses, the construction of a new, more formidable fort began. Designed by French military engineer Jean Foncin, the star-shaped Fort McHenry was completed in 1803 (Maryland Historical Society).
Naming the Fort - The fort was named in honor of James McHenry, a Scotsman who immigrated to America and became a prominent physician and politician. McHenry served as a delegate to the Continental Congress, signed the U.S. Constitution, and later became the Secretary of War under President George Washington (Encyclopedia Britannica).

1812-1815 - The War of 1812 marked a pivotal moment in Fort McHenry’s history. In September 1814, British forces, fresh from their victory in Washington, D.C., set their sights on Baltimore (The War of 1812 Magazine).
The Bombardment - On September 13-14, 1814, the British Navy unleashed a relentless bombardment on Fort McHenry, raining down over 1,500 bombs and rockets. The defenders, under the command of Major George Armistead, valiantly withstood the 25-hour siege (Smithsonian Magazine).
“The Star-Spangled Banner” - Witnessing the bombardment from a nearby truce ship was Francis Scott Key, a young lawyer. As dawn broke on September 14th, Key was overcome with emotion upon seeing the large American flag, sewn by Mary Pickersgill, still flying triumphantly over the fort. This experience inspired him to pen the poem “Defence of Fort McHenry,” which later became the lyrics of “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the national anthem of the United States (Library of Congress).

Post-War Years and Evolution

19th Century - Following the War of 1812, Fort McHenry continued to serve as an active military installation. It underwent several modifications and expansions to accommodate evolving military technology and strategies. During the Civil War, the fort was used as a prison for Confederate sympathizers and soldiers (National Park Service).
20th Century - In the early 20th century, Fort McHenry played a role in both World Wars I and II, serving as a Coast Guard base and a training center. It was also used as a hospital during the 1918 influenza pandemic (Baltimore Sun).

Visitor Information

Visiting Hours - Fort McHenry is open daily from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, but it’s always best to check the official website for any changes or special holiday hours (National Park Service).
Tickets - Entrance fees are $15 per adult. Children under 15 get in free. Annual passes and group rates are also available (National Park Service).

Travel Tips and Nearby Attractions

Travel Tips - Wear comfortable shoes as you’ll be walking a lot. Bring water, especially during summer months. Don’t forget your camera for some great photographic spots!
Nearby Attractions - While in Baltimore, don’t miss the National Aquarium, Maryland Science Center, and the historic ships in the Inner Harbor (Visit Baltimore).

Accessibility

Fort McHenry is committed to providing access to all visitors. The Visitor and Education Center, restrooms, and most exhibits are wheelchair accessible. Service animals are welcome (National Park Service).

Special Events and Guided Tours

Special Events - Throughout the year, Fort McHenry hosts various events such as military reenactments, flag ceremonies, and educational programs. Check the official website for an event calendar (National Park Service).
Guided Tours - Ranger-led tours are available and provide an in-depth look at the history of the fort. Self-guided tours are also an option with detailed brochures available at the Visitor Center (National Park Service).

Photographic Spots

Some of the best spots for photography include the ramparts, the large flagpole with the “Star-Spangled Banner,” and the panoramic views of Baltimore’s harbor.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Is parking available at Fort McHenry?

A: Yes, there is ample parking available on-site for visitors.

Q: What are the best times to visit Fort McHenry?

A: Spring and fall offer mild weather and fewer crowds, making them ideal times to visit.

Q: Are there any restaurants or cafes at Fort McHenry?

A: There are no dining facilities within the fort itself, but there are plenty of options nearby in Baltimore.

Conclusion

Visiting Fort McHenry offers a unique opportunity to connect with a defining chapter in American history. It’s a place where the echoes of battle blend with the stirring melody of the national anthem, reminding us of the enduring spirit of freedom and the sacrifices made to protect it. Plan your visit today by checking the official Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine website. Follow us on social media for updates and upcoming events!