Dresden

Germany Verified Oct 2026

At dusk, the Elbe throws pale light onto Dresden’s Baroque riverfront, while across the water the courtyards of Neustadt fill with café chatter and the clink of glasses. Dresden, Germany, can seem like a city restored to a single grand image; a few streets away, it has a very different pulse. The contrast is part of what makes it worth staying for.

Dresden, Germany Photo: Levent Simsek / Pexels
Attractions
12
Audio
4 h 44 min
Trip length
2–3 days
Best season
Late spring to early autumn; Advent for the Striezelmarkt

Why Dresden

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The rebuilt center carries its history in plain sight. After the February 1945 bombing, the Frauenkirche stood as a ruin and memorial through the GDR decades; its reconstruction, completed in 2005 with surviving stones worked into the new masonry, left dark patches against lighter stone.

Dresden’s royal collections are woven into the city rather than tucked away at its edges. At the Zwinger, Baroque courtyards lead to galleries holding Raphael’s Sistine Madonna, while the Royal Palace’s Green Vault displays the jeweled excess of Saxon court life.

The Elbe keeps the city from feeling like a museum: riverside meadows lead toward villa-lined districts, the Blue Wonder bridge and the hillside railways of Loschwitz. The valley gained UNESCO World Heritage status in 2004 and lost it in 2009 after the Waldschlösschen Bridge dispute—a reminder that Dresden is still a living city, making choices about what it wants to preserve.

  • A Baroque city rebuilt in stone

    The Frauenkirche’s pale galleries rise above Neumarkt, but its dark stones tell another story: the church was left as a ruin after the February 1945 bombing and rebuilt in 2005. Look closely and you’ll see original stones set among newer ones.
  • Art behind the palace façades

    At the Zwinger, Pöppelmann’s open courtyards and sculpted pavilions lead to the Old Masters Gallery, where Raphael’s Sistine Madonna hangs in the Semperbau. The nearby Royal Palace holds the Green Vault’s glittering Baroque treasures; book ahead for timed entry to the Historic Green Vault.
  • The Elbe as a city street

    From Brühl’s Terrace, the river frames Dresden’s rooftops; farther east, the Blue Wonder bridge and Loschwitz hillside railways show how the city learned to cross and climb its valley. Take the suspension railway or funicular uphill for a view that makes the river feel like the city’s central avenue.
  • Neustadt after dark

    Across the Elbe, Äußere Neustadt trades palace stone for Gründerzeit façades, independent bars and late-night kitchens around Alaunstraße and Louisenstraße. The Kunsthofpassage’s blue Courtyard of the Elements turns rain into sound, as water runs through its musical funnels.

Places to Visit

Not every monument, just the ones we'd walk you past ourselves.

All 59 places in Dresden

Neighborhoods

Where to wander, by quarter — each with its own rhythm.

  • Innere Altstadt

    The historic center gathers the Frauenkirche, Neumarkt, the Royal Palace and the Zwinger into a walkable circuit of stone façades and grand squares. Pause at the Fürstenzug, a 102-meter procession of Saxon rulers rendered in Meissen porcelain tiles.
  • Äußere Neustadt

    Around Alaunstraße, Louisenstraße and Görlitzer Straße, late-19th-century apartment blocks hold independent cafés, bars, street art and late-night kitchens. The Kunsthofpassage links themed courtyards; in the Courtyard of the Elements, rain running through the façade’s pipes makes music.
  • Innere Neustadt and Barockviertel

    Across the Elbe from the old center, this district trades Altstadt spectacle for measured Baroque streets and quieter courtyards. Königstraße is the place to browse antique shops and look closely at the carefully restored façades.
  • Hechtviertel

    Just north of the Neustadt railway line, Hechtviertel feels more residential, with neighborhood pubs, independent cafés and informal places to eat. Try its alternative food spots, including Der Dicke Schmidt, known for seitan döner.
  • Blasewitz

    Leafy streets and grand villas meet the Elbe around Schillerplatz and the Blue Wonder bridge. Café Toscana, open since 1901, gives the district a lingering coffeehouse tradition and a good excuse to stay for cake.
  • Loschwitz

    On the Elbe’s hilly eastern bank, Loschwitz is best explored slowly, with a ride on the historic funicular or suspension railway for broad views over the river valley. The Blue Wonder connects it to Blasewitz, but the hillside paths make the two districts feel distinct.
  • Pillnitz

    Pillnitz sits east of the center, where the river meets a summer-palace complex of Chinoiserie pavilions and botanical grounds. Its broad park paths and riverside setting make a striking change of scale from the dense Baroque core.

Plan your trip

Before you go

Getting There
Dresden Airport (DRS) lies about 9 km north of the centre; S-Bahn S2 runs from the terminal station to Dresden Hauptbahnhof in about 21 minutes, usually every 30 minutes. Leipzig/Halle (LEJ), Berlin Brandenburg (BER) and Prague Václav Havel (PRG) are alternatives, with onward rail connections from their city stations. Dresden’s main rail hubs are Dresden Hauptbahnhof and Dresden-Neustadt; drivers arrive via the A4, A13 or A17.
Getting Around
Dresden has no U-Bahn: DVB runs 12 tram lines and an extensive bus network, while S-Bahn lines connect the airport and regional destinations; three Elbe passenger ferries and the Loschwitz funicular and suspension railway add scenic links. MOBIbike and the flat Elberadweg make cycling practical, and the compact Altstadt is easy to cover on foot. In 2026, a Dresden-zone day ticket costs €9.50 and runs until 04:00 the next morning; the Deutschlandticket covers local transit and regional trains, while Dresden City Cards bundle local transport with attraction discounts.
Climate & Best Time
Typical daytime highs run about 8–19°C in spring, 22–25°C in summer, 8–19°C in autumn and 3–5°C in winter, with winter nights often below freezing. Dresden averages roughly 635 mm of rain a year; May through August are wetter, with summer thunderstorms possible. May to September is peak outdoor season, while January and February are quieter; late November and December draw Christmas-market crowds, so May, June or September offer a good balance.
Language & Currency
German is the official language, and standard High German is used in shops and services; English is common at major museums, hotels and visitor desks. The currency is the euro; carry some cash for small bakeries, snack stands and traditional beer gardens, and tell restaurant staff the total you wish to pay when tipping.
Safety
Use normal city precautions around crowded markets and transit: keep valuables close at the Striezelmarkt and near the Frauenkirche, and stay alert around Wiener Platz and the Hauptbahnhof late at night. Weekend crowds in Äußere Neustadt can get rowdy around Görlitzer and Louisenstraße; political marches sometimes affect Altmarkt and Neumarkt, so give police barriers a wide berth.

Dresden: Courtly Splendor, Ruin, and Return

From Sorbian river settlement to a city repeatedly remade

  1. c. 1400 BCE

    Elbe Valley's First Neighbors

    Archaeological evidence places Bronze Age communities in the Elbe Valley around this time, long before Dresden appears in written records. The river’s crossings and fertile banks drew people here early; the city’s beginnings are older than its name.

  2. c. 900

    Sorbian Settlements Take Root

    West Slavic communities settled along the Elbe, laying down the roots of Dresden’s earliest known urban area. The name is usually traced to Old Sorbian Drežďany, often interpreted as “people of the forest” or “swamp-forest dwellers.”

  3. 1206

    Dresden Enters the Record

    A document settling a border dispute under Margrave Dietrich of Meissen contains the first confirmed written mention of Dresden: “Acta sunt hec dresdene.” The wording is spare, but it gives the city a firm foothold in the historical record.

  4. 1216

    A Town Called Dresden

    A document describes Dresden as a *civitas*, a town with a recognized civic standing. That small administrative word marks a change from settlement to a place with a growing public and commercial life.

  5. 1429

    Hussite Forces Strike

    During the Hussite Wars, raiders attacked Dresden and burned parts of its outer settlement. The assault exposed how vulnerable the town remained beyond its defenses, even as the fortified core endured.

  6. 1485

    A Wettin Division Redraws Power

    The Treaty of Leipzig divided Wettin lands between the brothers Ernst and Albrecht. Dresden became the seat of Albrecht’s Albertine line, setting the city on course to become Saxony’s political center.

Show the full timeline (30 moments)
  1. 1491

    Fire Sweeps the Old City

    A major fire destroyed roughly half of Dresden’s medieval core, including the parish church of St. Nicholas. Rebuilding changed the city block by block, leaving a deep mark on a town that had only recently risen in prominence.

  2. 1539

    Reformation Reshapes Saxony

    Duke Henry the Pious formally introduced the Protestant Reformation in Dresden and Ducal Saxony. In 1547, the Albertine ruler Maurice gained Saxony’s electoral title, raising Dresden from ducal seat to the capital of an elector’s state.

  3. 1697

    Augustus Sets a Royal Course

    Frederick Augustus I converted to Catholicism to secure election as King Augustus II of Poland, beginning the Saxon-Polish personal union. His court’s appetite for ceremony, collecting, and architecture would give Dresden its unmistakable Baroque character.

  4. 1709

    The Zwinger Begins to Rise

    Construction began on the Zwinger, designed by court architect Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann with sculptor Balthasar Permoser. Planned for court festivals and royal collections, its pale stone pavilions turned open courtyards into a stage for Saxon power.

  5. 1726

    Bähr Designs a Stone Bell

    Architect George Bähr began work on the Frauenkirche, whose great stone dome earned the name *Steinerne Glocke*, or “stone bell.” Completed in 1743, it gave Protestant Dresden a landmark whose broad silhouette would remain part of the city’s memory even after its destruction.

  6. 1756

    Prussia Occupies Dresden

    Frederick the Great invaded Saxony and occupied Dresden at the start of the Seven Years’ War. In 1760, Prussian artillery battered the city during a siege, destroying hundreds of homes and badly damaging the Kreuzkirche.

  7. 1798

    Caspar David Friedrich Arrives

    The painter Caspar David Friedrich settled in Dresden, where he would live and work for the rest of his life. The city’s studios and galleries formed his base, while the river valley beyond its streets fed the quiet, searching light of his Romantic art.

  8. 1806

    Saxony Becomes a Kingdom

    After aligning with Napoleon and the Holy Roman Empire’s collapse, Elector Frederick Augustus III became King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony. Dresden now stood at the center of a kingdom, though its fortunes remained tied to the shifting balance of European power.

  9. 1813

    Napoleon Wins at Dresden

    On August 26 and 27, Napoleon’s forces defeated the larger Allied Army of Bohemia on Dresden’s outskirts. Rain-soaked ground and the Elbe crossings shaped the fighting; the victory was Napoleon’s last major success on German soil.

  10. 1839

    Railway Connects Dresden and Leipzig

    The Leipzig–Dresden Railway opened as Germany’s first long-distance railway line. Steam and iron altered the pace of travel between the two Saxon cities and gave Dresden a new route for people, goods, and industry.

  11. 1842

    Wagner Finds His Dresden Stage

    Richard Wagner’s opera *Rienzi* premiered in Dresden, where he served as Royal Saxon Court Kapellmeister. He went on to bring *The Flying Dutchman* and *Tannhäuser* to the city’s stage before his part in the 1849 uprising forced him to flee.

  12. 1849

    The May Uprising Is Crushed

    From May 3 to 9, revolutionaries demanded constitutional reform and acceptance of the Frankfurt Constitution. Mikhail Bakunin took part, and Wagner joined the uprising; Saxon and Prussian troops put it down in street fighting that left the city under military control.

  13. 1871

    Saxony Joins the German Empire

    The Kingdom of Saxony became part of the newly unified German Empire. Dresden retained its royal court and regional importance, while rail links and industry tied the old capital more tightly to a larger national economy.

  14. 1905

    Karl Schmidt-Rottluff Founds Die Brücke

    Art students in Dresden founded *Die Brücke*, an Expressionist group that included Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Fritz Bleyl, and Erich Heckel. They rejected polished academic convention for hard outlines and raw color, turning Dresden into a birthplace of modern German art.

  15. 1918

    The Wettin Monarchy Ends

    King Frederick Augustus III abdicated on November 13 during Germany’s revolution. After more than eight centuries of Wettin rule, Dresden became the capital of the Free State of Saxony within the new republic.

  16. February 13–15, 1945

    Bombing Turns the Center to Ash

    British and American air raids ignited a firestorm that destroyed much of Dresden’s historic center; official investigations later estimated 20,000 to 25,000 deaths. The Frauenkirche collapsed into a mound of blackened stone, and streets that had held homes, churches, and workshops became a field of rubble.

  17. 1952

    Dresden Becomes a GDR District Capital

    The East German state dissolved its Länder and reorganized the country into districts, making Dresden the administrative center of Bezirk Dresden. Reconstruction brought new housing and state buildings, while the Frauenkirche ruins were left standing as an anti-war memorial.

  18. October 3–8, 1989

    Protesters Fill the Hauptbahnhof

    Thousands gathered around Dresden’s main station as trains carrying East German refugees from Prague passed through on their way west. Clashes with police gave way to mass peaceful demonstrations, and on October 8 the civic dialogue group known as the Gruppe der 20 took shape.

  19. 1990

    Dresden Returns as State Capital

    German reunification restored the Free State of Saxony, with Dresden as its capital. The city entered a period of rebuilding and repair, facing the physical legacy of wartime destruction alongside the changes brought by the end of the GDR.

  20. August 17, 2002

    The Elbe Flood Reaches Record Height

    The Elbe crested at 9.40 meters, flooding the Hauptbahnhof and reaching into the Zwinger courtyards and Semperoper. The water left mud across the city center and caused more than €6 billion in damage across Saxony.

  21. 2004

    The Elbe Valley Gains UNESCO Status

    UNESCO inscribed the Dresden Elbe Valley as a World Heritage Site, recognizing the relationship between the city, river, gardens, and historic architecture. The listing would prove fragile: a bridge dispute soon set Dresden against the organization meant to protect that river view.

  22. October 30, 2005

    The Frauenkirche Rises Again

    The rebuilt Frauenkirche was consecrated after a reconstruction that began in 1994. Builders worked charred stones from the original ruin into the new sandstone walls, so the dark patches still visible on the church are part of its fabric, not decoration.

  23. 2009

    UNESCO Removes the Valley Listing

    UNESCO delisted the Dresden Elbe Valley after ruling that the Waldschlösschen Bridge project compromised the integrity of the historic river views. The dispute had a lasting physical result too: the four-lane bridge opened in 2013, changing a view once recognized as part of the world’s heritage.

  24. 2024

    A New Chapter in Silicon Saxony

    Construction began on ESMC’s semiconductor plant in Dresden, a joint venture led by Taiwan’s TSMC with Bosch, Infineon, and NXP. The project puts new factories and clean-room technology beside a city better known for palaces and ruined churches, extending Dresden’s long connection to precision industry.

Who lived here

  • Author and poet · 1899–1974

    Erich Kästner

    Born and raised in Dresden

    Kästner grew up in Dresden and later turned its streets into part of the imaginative world behind books such as Emil and the Detectives. The city still has his museum in Neustadt; he might like that children can meet the writer without first meeting a monument.

  • Philologist and diarist · 1881–1960

    Victor Klemperer

    Professor in Dresden

    Klemperer taught Romance languages in Dresden until the Nazi regime dismissed and persecuted him. His diaries record how political violence entered ordinary speech and daily life, a history that gives the city's rebuilt streets a sharper edge.

  • Novelist · 1922–2007

    Kurt Vonnegut

    American prisoner of war in Dresden

    As a POW, Vonnegut survived the February 1945 bombing in the underground cellar of a slaughterhouse; that experience later shaped Slaughterhouse-Five. A visitor seeing Dresden's restored center now encounters the place behind his book, not the city frozen inside it.

  • Composer · 1813–1883

    Richard Wagner

    Raised and employed in Dresden

    Wagner spent part of his youth in Dresden, later became Royal Saxon Court Kapellmeister and saw early works performed there. His involvement in the 1849 May Uprising forced him to flee; today the Semperoper stands as a reminder of the musical city he left behind.

  • Composer and conductor · 1786–1826

    Carl Maria von Weber

    Dresden Court Theatre musical director

    During his decade directing music in Dresden, Weber helped build the city's opera life and composed Der Freischütz. The work's dark forests feel a long way from the bright stone of the Altstadt, which is precisely why the connection stays with you.

  • Composer · 1585–1672

    Heinrich Schütz

    Kapellmeister at the Saxon court in Dresden

    Schütz spent much of his working life shaping music for Dresden's electoral court, bringing Italian musical ideas into German sacred and vocal works. The city's long relationship with serious music began centuries before the Semperoper's curtain rose.

  • Expressionist painter and printmaker · 1884–1976

    Karl Schmidt-Rottluff

    Co-founded Die Brücke in Dresden

    While studying architecture in Dresden, Schmidt-Rottluff helped form Die Brücke in 1905 with fellow students, including Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. The group pushed against polished academic art; Dresden's museums now place that restless modernism within reach of the Baroque rooms it once challenged.

Where to Eat

Where locals actually book dinner — not the tourist menus.

Insider tips

Small things that change how the city treats you.

  • Walk The Old Town

    The Frauenkirche, Fürstenzug, Semperoper and Zwinger sit close enough to link on foot. Save the tram for trips beyond the central sights.
  • Check DVB Fares

    Use DVB trams and buses for longer trips, and compare the current day-ticket price with single fares before buying. The official DVB app and website publish routes and ticket information.
  • Carry Some Cash

    Keep euros handy for market stalls and smaller pubs, which may prefer cash. Cards are more common at larger restaurants, but a cash backup saves a detour to an ATM.
  • Time Your Meals

    Some traditional kitchens close between lunch and dinner, so check opening hours before planning a late-afternoon meal. Make that pause coffee-and-cake time and try a slice of Dresdner Eierschecke.
  • Tip At The Table

    For attentive restaurant service, rounding up or tipping roughly 5–10% is customary. Tell the server the total you want to pay when settling the bill rather than leaving the tip on the table.
  • Choose A Collection

    The Zwinger holds the Old Masters Picture Gallery, Porcelain Collection and Mathematical-Physical Salon. Pick the collection you most want to see and allow time for it instead of treating the whole complex as a quick courtyard stop.
  • Mind Your Belongings

    In crowded markets and on full trams, keep your phone and wallet in a zipped pocket or closed bag. Avoid leaving valuables visible on café tables.
  • Listen For Rain

    If rain is forecast, time your Kunsthofpassage stop for a shower: one courtyard's drainpipes are designed to turn rainfall into music. In dry weather, take a closer look at the painted façades.

Frequently asked

Is Dresden worth visiting?

Yes—especially if you care about art, architecture and how cities remember destruction. In the compact Old Town, the Frauenkirche, Zwinger, Royal Palace, Semperoper and Fürstenzug tell different chapters; cross the Elbe for Neustadt's cafés and courtyards.

How many days in Dresden is enough?

Two full days cover the Old Town and one major museum at a comfortable pace. Stay three if you want several collections, time in Neustadt or a trip to Pillnitz without turning every stop into a timed sprint.

How do you get around Dresden without a car?

You can walk between many central sights, then use DVB trams and buses for longer trips. Check current fares on the official DVB app or website; a day ticket may suit repeated rides, but compare it with single fares first.

Is Dresden safe for tourists?

Dresden is manageable for most visitors with ordinary city precautions. Keep valuables zipped in crowded markets and on busy trams, and don't leave phones or wallets visible on café tables.

Can you visit Dresden on a budget?

Yes: Brühl's Terrace, the Fürstenzug mural and walks along the Elbe let you see much of the city's character without museum admission. Budget separately for collections and public transport, and carry some cash for smaller stalls and pubs.

When is the best time to visit Dresden?

Late spring and early autumn suit walking between the river, historic center and Neustadt. Choose Advent for the Striezelmarkt, Dresden's Christmas market tradition dating to 1434, and expect a very different winter visit.

All Places to Visit.

59 places to discover

Church of Our Lady
Place

Church of Our Lady

Dresden Cathedral
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Dresden Cathedral

Zwinger
Place

Zwinger

Pillnitz Castle
Place

Pillnitz Castle

German Hygiene Museum
Place

German Hygiene Museum

Dresden City Museum
Place

Dresden City Museum

Fürstenzug
Place

Fürstenzug

Place

Dresden Transport Museum

Dresden Museum of Ethnology
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Dresden Museum of Ethnology

Dresden City Art Gallery
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Dresden City Art Gallery

Russian Orthodox Church
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Russian Orthodox Church

Dresden Park Railway
Place

Dresden Park Railway

Kügelgenhaus – Museum Der Dresdner Romantik
Place

Kügelgenhaus – Museum Der Dresdner Romantik

Palace of Dresden Grand Garden
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Palace of Dresden Grand Garden

Place

Erich Kästner Museum

Carl-Maria-Von-Weber-Museum
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Carl-Maria-Von-Weber-Museum

Societaetstheater
Place

Societaetstheater

1St Tank Army
Place

1St Tank Army

Marienbrücke
Place

Marienbrücke

Staatsschauspiel Dresden
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Staatsschauspiel Dresden

Kupferstich-Kabinett Dresden
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Kupferstich-Kabinett Dresden

Innere Altstadt
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Innere Altstadt

Kreuzkirche
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Kreuzkirche

Dresden Central Station
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Dresden Central Station

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Saxon State Office for Geographic Information and Surveying

Japanisches Palais
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Japanisches Palais

Dresden Porcelain Collection
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Dresden Porcelain Collection

Kulturpalast Dresden
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Kulturpalast Dresden

State Archives Dresden
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State Archives Dresden

Münzkabinett
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Münzkabinett

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Sächsische Staatskanzlei

Skulpturensammlung Dresden
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Skulpturensammlung Dresden

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Saxon State Ministry of Finance

District Court Dresden
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District Court Dresden

Festspielhaus Hellerau
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Festspielhaus Hellerau

Technische Sammlungen Dresden
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Technische Sammlungen Dresden

Wolfshügelturm
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Wolfshügelturm

Windbergbahn
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Windbergbahn

Dreikönigskirche
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Dreikönigskirche

Comödie Dresden
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Comödie Dresden

Kunsthaus Dresden
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Kunsthaus Dresden

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Heidefriedhof, Dresden

Neues Rathaus
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Neues Rathaus

Landhaus
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Landhaus

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Schloss Albrechtsberg

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Gedenkstätte Münchner Platz Dresden

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Leipziger Bahnhof

Gedenkstätte Bautzner Straße Dresden
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Gedenkstätte Bautzner Straße Dresden

Showing 1–48 of 59 places

Photo credits (9)
  1. Levent Simsek — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/18873633/
  2. Begimai Nurmametova — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/38343738/
  3. Duc N. — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/32356232/
  4. Guo Haitao — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/35854157/
  5. Felix Mittermeier — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/1459524/
  6. Wolfgang Weiser — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/19239088/
  7. Robert Pügner — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/8033479/
  8. Sidorela Shehaj — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/35361172/
  9. Irina Nesterenko — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/18563618/

Photos may have been resized or cropped.