Chiang Mai

Thailand Updated Apr 2026

The first thing that hits you in Chiang Mai is the smell of burning incense mixed with woodsmoke at 6 a.m., drifting from a thousand temple altars while the rest of Thailand still feels like Bangkok's concrete oven. This northern city moves at a different speed. Monks in saffron glide past digital nomads on scooters, and the air at 300 meters elevation carries a cool edge that makes you forget you're in Thailand.

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Attractions: 12
Audio: 4 h 26 min
Trip length: 4-6 days
Best season: November to February

Why Chiang Mai

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Founded in 1296 as capital of the Lanna Kingdom, Chiang Mai developed its own language, cuisine, and aesthetic separate from Siamese rule for centuries. The result is a place that feels both deeply Buddhist and quietly rebellious. You notice it in the teak viharns with their sweeping roofs, in the herbal intensity of sai oua sausage, and in the way locals will politely correct you when you call khao soi "Thai food." It is Lanna food.

That dual identity defines the city today. Ancient wats like Wat Chedi Luang, built in 1391, sit inside a square moat that once protected a royal capital. Fifteen minutes away by scooter, Nimman hums with Australian-style coffee roasters and co-working spaces where people nurse a single flat white for four hours. The contrast isn't jarring. It simply is.

What ultimately changes you is the realization that Chiang Mai still makes things. Silk weavers, silversmiths, and umbrella makers still work in workshops along Wualai Road. The crafts aren't souvenirs here. They're living culture, the same traditions that built a kingdom that once stretched from Yunnan to the Malay peninsula.

Lanna Temple Legacy
The city still moves to rhythms set in 1296. Walk Wat Chedi Luang at dusk and you’ll hear the echo of 14th-century bronze bells against teak pillars that have never known central Thai ornamentation. This isn’t Bangkok’s theatrical Buddhism. It’s quieter, older, and somehow more intimate.
Mountain & Forest Temples
Doi Suthep rises 1,000 metres above the valley floor. The 309-step naga staircase tests the legs, yet the real revelation lies off-trail at Wat Pha Lat. Moss claims the chedis here. Monks meditate beside a small waterfall. The air smells of damp earth and incense instead of city exhaust.
Northern Thai Table
Lanna food never surrendered to coconut milk. Expect assertive herbs, fermented pork sausage, and khao soi that actually tastes of turmeric and shallots rather than cream. The best versions still come from recipes guarded in family kitchens on Wualai Road since the 18th century.
Living Craft Traditions
Artisans on Wualai Road still hand-hammer silver exactly as their great-grandparents did under the Lanna kings. The same goes for lacquerware, mulberry paper umbrellas, and handwoven silk. These aren’t souvenir workshops. They’re working studios where the 700-year-old techniques remain the daily practice.

Places to Visit

Not every monument, just the ones we'd walk you past ourselves.

All 43 places in Chiang Mai

Neighborhoods

Where to wander, by quarter — each with its own rhythm.

Old City
The square kilometer enclosed by the surviving moat and brick walls remains the historic heart. Here Wat Chedi Luang's massive brick chedi dominates the skyline while plastic stools at night markets serve 30-baht khao soi that locals actually eat. North Gate's evening market draws both temple visitors and backpackers, but the real rhythm belongs to the monks who walk these lanes at dawn and the jazz that spills from North Gate Jazz Co-op after 9 p.m.
Nimman (Nimmanhaemin)
The creative district that swallowed the old university quarter. Nimmanhaemin Road and its sois concentrate the city's best coffee, cocktail bars, and indie shops. Roast8ry serves Melbourne-level flat whites to nomads who treat cafés as offices. One Nimman mall at the northern end hosts pop-up artisan markets while Soi 7 and Soi 9 fill with students and expats after 10 p.m. Not everyone loves the gentrification. The energy is undeniable.
Riverside
Follow the Ping River south from the Old City and the pace drops. Restaurants here spill onto wooden decks over the water, transitioning into bars as the sun sets. The crowd skews more Thai than the backpacker bars near Tha Phae Gate. Phoenix CNX draws those who want to dance rather than drink craft beer, while the temples feel farther away and the river smells of wet earth after rain.
Santitham
Where actual Chiang Mai residents live, eat, and shop. The twin covered markets of Siri Wattana and Thanin open before dawn and serve the best local lunch in the city for about 50 baht. No English menus, no cowboy-hat ladies selling to tourists, just office workers and market aunties eating nam prik num with sticky rice. The 10-minute ride from the Old City feels like crossing into another world.
Wualai Road
The artisanal spine running south from the Old City. This is where lacquerware, silver, and handmade paper umbrella workshops still operate. Many double as small showrooms. Come during the Saturday Walking Street and the entire road closes to traffic, but the real appeal is midweek when you can watch craftsmen at work in open-front shophouses that haven't changed much since the 1970s.

Plan your trip

Before you go

Getting There: Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) handles most flights in 2026, though the new Lanna International Airport in San Kamphaeng is due to open later this year and will eventually take over long-haul traffic. Direct flights arrive from Bangkok (1 hour), Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, and several Chinese cities. The overnight train from Bangkok’s Hua Lamphong station takes 12–14 hours and deposits you at Chiang Mai Railway Station, two kilometres east of the Old City.
Getting Around: No metro exists. Red songthaews (shared minibuses) act as the main transport and cost 20–40 baht depending on distance. Grab and Bolt apps work reliably with fares usually under 100 baht inside the city. Renting a scooter costs 150–250 baht per day. The Old City’s 2.5-square-kilometre grid is best explored on foot or by bicycle along the moat paths.
Climate & Best Time: Temperatures range from 15–30 °C November to February, the only comfortable months. March and April bring 35–40 °C heat plus smoke from agricultural burning that can push AQI above 200. The rainy season runs May through October with heavy but brief afternoon downpours. November to early February remains the clear, cool window when most visitors arrive.
Language & Currency: Thai baht (THB) is used everywhere. Cards are widely accepted in Nimman and Old City restaurants, but carry cash for temples and markets. Most younger people and business owners speak some English, yet Kham Mueang, the Lanna language, is still heard in temples and older neighbourhoods. Google Translate handles written Thai menus reasonably well.

03 Top tickets in Chiang Mai.

Book ahead

Curated from places in this city. Same price as official sites.

Wat Umong Suan Phutthatham

Best seller!! Amazing Night tour, Doi Suthep + Wat umong - Top Must visit!

★4.4 from €16.75

Wat Chedi Luang

Chiang Mai - Doi Suthep, Wat Chedi Luang & Wat Pha Lat

★4.7 from €21.45

Doi Suthep-Pui National Park

Chiang mai Hike & Downhill Bike Adventure –Suthep National Park

★4.7 from €62.30

Chiang Mai Night Bazaar

Chiang Mai Temples and Market Tuk-Tuk Evening Night Tour

★4.7 from €28.53

Chiang Mai Night Bazaar

Chiang Mai Temples and Market Tuk Tuk Night Tour

★4.9 from €28.53

Doi Suthep-Pui National Park

No.1 Chiang Mai: Epic Doi Suthep Downhill MTB Adventure

★4.5 from €62.30

Prices shown are indicative — final pricing and availability are confirmed at checkout. Audiala may receive a commission from bookings made via these links.

The City That Refused to Die

From Lanna capital to modern refuge

1296
Mangrai Draws the Rectangle
King Mangrai, fresh from conquering the Mon kingdom of Haripunchai, marked out a precise rectangle beside the Ping River. Fifty thousand men raised brick walls, dug a moat, and built Wat Chiang Man to house two sacred Buddha images. The smell of fresh-cut teak filled the air as the independent Lanna kingdom gained its new heart.
1317
Mangrai Struck by Lightning
According to tradition the founder was killed by a lightning bolt while standing in the city market. His death ended the heroic founding years yet locked his creation into legend. Chiang Mai already felt permanent.
1383
White Elephant Chooses the Mountain
King Kuena followed a white elephant carrying a Buddha relic up Doi Suthep. The beast trumpeted three times then collapsed on the summit. Workers began Wat Phra That Doi Suthep at 1,000 metres above the valley floor. The golden chedi still catches first light each morning.
1391
Chedi Luang Begins Its Rise
King Saenmueangma ordered the greatest stupa Lanna would ever see. Built to hold royal ashes, the chedi eventually reached 82 metres with a base 54 metres across. Its shadow fell across the entire Old City for centuries.
1441
Tilokaraj Claims the Throne
The greatest of the Mangrai line began a 46-year reign that turned Chiang Mai into a centre of Buddhist scholarship. He completed Chedi Luang, hosted the Eighth World Buddhist Council in 1477, and sent monks across Southeast Asia with corrected scriptures.
1468
Emerald Buddha Arrives
The most sacred image in the Tai world was placed in a niche of Wat Chedi Luang. For nearly a century it watched over Lanna ceremonies before war and earthquake sent it on its long journey south to Bangkok.

Show the full timeline (21 moments)

1476
Seven Spires Rise at Wat Chet Yot
Tilokaraj built a precise copy of the Mahabodhi Temple from Bodhgaya. Monks from across the Theravada world gathered inside its cool brick chambers the following year to standardise the Pali canon. The scent of incense still clings to its stone.
1545
Earthquake Shatters the Great Chedi
A violent quake brought the top thirty metres of Chedi Luang crashing down. Stone elephants at its base split apart. The ruined profile you see today dates from that single afternoon. Nothing taller would ever be attempted in Lanna.
1558
Bayinnaung Takes the City
The Burmese king rode into a weakened Chiang Mai almost without resistance. What followed was 216 years of occupation, tribute, and forced labour. The rose of the north learned how to survive in silence.
1775
Taksin's Army Frees Chiang Mai
Siamese forces under future King Rama I stormed the gates after 216 years of Burmese control. The city was so broken that within two years its entire population walked south to Lampang, leaving the walls to the jungle.
1797
Kawila Refounds an Empty City
After twenty years swallowed by forest, Chao Kawila marched people back from Lampang and forcibly resettled Shan, Tai Lue, and Yuan families. He rebuilt the walls, cleared the moat, and began the slow resurrection of Lanna culture.
1802
Chetton Dynasty Begins
King Rama I formally installed Kawila as tributary king. Seven princes of the Chetton line would rule semi-autonomously from Chiang Mai until Bangkok ended the arrangement in 1899. The city regained its own voice, however quietly.
1867
McGilvary Brings American Mission
The Presbyterian missionary arrived with his wife Sophia and began schools and a hospital. Their wooden mission house near the Ping River introduced Western medicine and girls' education to northern Thailand. Locals still call the hospital McCormick.
1899
Bangkok Ends Lanna Royalty
The last traces of the Chetton dynasty were quietly abolished. Chiang Mai became just another province under direct Siamese control. The city that had ruled itself for six centuries learned new ways to keep its language and customs alive.
1922
Railway Reaches the North
The first train pulled into Chiang Mai station after years of construction through jungle and mountain. Teak logs could now travel south in days instead of months. The city opened to the rest of Siam whether it wanted to or not.
1939
Kaew Nawarat, Last King of Lanna
The final ruler of the Chetton line died in his palace. With him ended six centuries of Lanna kingship. The man who had worn traditional Lanna dress at court in Bangkok was buried with rites that mixed old northern customs and new Thai protocol.
1943
American Bombs Fall on the Station
Twenty-nine B-24 Liberators appeared over the city at three in the afternoon. Three hundred people died when the railway station and surrounding warehouses exploded. The single deadliest day in Chiang Mai's modern history came from allies, not enemies.
1965
University Opens Its Gates
Chiang Mai University welcomed its first students on a sprawling campus at the foot of Suthep mountain. For the first time the north had its own centre of higher learning. Young people from mountain villages walked through its gates wearing traditional textiles.
2015
UNESCO Nomination Begins
Thailand placed Chiang Mai on the tentative World Heritage list as monuments, sites and cultural landscape of Lanna. The long bureaucratic journey had started. Eleven years later the full dossier would reach Paris.
2024
Worst Flood in Memory
The Ping River rose to 5.3 metres in October, its highest level in fifty years. Three people died and thousands lost homes. Ancient brickwork at the base of the Old City walls turned dark with water for weeks.
2026
UNESCO Inspection Looms
Inspectors are due in June to decide whether Chiang Mai becomes Thailand's next World Heritage site. The city that began as a 13th-century rectangle now waits for the world to judge its entire layered story.

Who lived here

Founder of Chiang Mai · 1238–1311

King Mangrai

Founded the city in 1296

Mangrai walked the Ping River valley with two allied kings in 1296 and decided exactly where the new capital’s walls would stand. He built Wat Chiang Man first so the city would have a heart before it had houses. Locals still leave offerings at his statue in the Three Kings Monument because they suspect he might still be watching.
Lanna King · 1409–1487

King Tilokaraj

Ruled from Chiang Mai 1441–1487

Tilokaraj turned Wat Chedi Luang into an 82-metre-tall giant that dominated the skyline for centuries. He called the 8th Buddhist Council here in 1477, inviting monks from across Southeast Asia to rewrite the scriptures. The city still measures its importance against the standards he set.
Lanna Princess · 1873–1933

Princess Dara Rasmi

Born and died in Chiang Mai

Dara Rasmi was sent to Bangkok as a political wife but refused to abandon northern dress or language at court. After her royal husband died she returned home and spent the rest of her life restoring Lanna temples and crafts. The palace museum that bears her name still feels like a quiet act of defiance.
Ruler of Chiang Mai · 1817–1897

Inthawichayanon

Last independent ruler before full Siamese annexation

Inthawichayanon watched the forests around his city disappear and begged that his ashes be placed on the highest mountain. After his death the peak was renamed Doi Inthanon. He is the reason Thais still speak of northern conservation as something personal rather than bureaucratic.

Where to Eat

Where locals actually book dinner — not the tourist menus.

B Samcook Home16

Local favorite · €€ · ★ 4.9
Samsen Villa

Cafe · €€ · ★ 4.7
Blue Coffee At Old Town

Cafe · €€ · ★ 4.8
Mountain Coffee by Noi

Cafe · €€ · ★ 4.7
Indy bread

Quick bite · €€ · ★ 4.8
Khum Cafe

Cafe · €€ · ★ 4.8
The North Gate Jazz Co-Op

Local favorite · € · ★ 4.7
Anantara Chiang Mai Resort

Fine dining · €€ · ★ 4.7

Insider tips

Small things that change how the city treats you.

Visit November
Book your trip for the Yi Peng lantern festival on 24–25 November 2026. The simultaneous release of thousands of khom loi above the Old City creates a moment that changes how you see mass celebrations.
Eat like locals
Order khao soi only at plastic-chair spots with no English menu. Khao Soi Khun Yai or Khao Soi Wulai near Wat Lok Molee serve the versions Chiang Mai residents actually eat for 30–50 baht.
Tipping rule
Leave only your small coin change at street stalls and local restaurants. A 20-baht note at mid-range places is generous; never leave a single 1-baht coin.
Songthaew trick
Flag down a red songthaew on Nimmanhaemin or inside the Old City moat. Tell the driver your destination before climbing in; shared rides rarely exceed 30 baht even to Doi Suthep base.
Temple silence
Remove shoes and speak softly at Wat Umong’s tunnels. The 700-year-old forest temple rewards quiet visitors with roaming deer and the echo of footsteps on brick.
Café hours
Order one Americano and stay four hours. Nimman cafés like Ristr8to Lab and Roast8ry built their culture around digital nomads who treat them as offices.

Gallery

The city, as it actually looks.

The iconic brick clock tower of Tha Phae Gate in Chiang Mai, Thailand, framed by strings of glowing fairy lights against a moody, overcast gray sky. — The historic brick clock tower stands prominently against a dramatic stormy sky in the heart of Chiang Mai, Thailand.

A scenic aerial view of a winding mountain road in Chiang Mai, Thailand, surrounded by lush green forests and hazy blue mountain ranges under soft light. — A lone car travels along a winding mountain road, offering a breathtaking view of the hazy, forested peaks of Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Two Buddhist monks in saffron and maroon robes walk past a white temple wall in Chiang Mai, Thailand, under bright, clear daylight. — Two monks walk along a traditional white temple wall in Chiang Mai, Thailand, capturing the serene atmosphere of the city.

A couple relaxes by a serene swimming pool in Chiang Mai, Thailand, with a dramatic mountain backdrop under bright, sunny daylight. — A couple enjoys a peaceful moment by a sun-drenched infinity pool overlooking the majestic mountains of Chiang Mai, Thailand.

The majestic Phra Mahathat Naphamethanidon pagoda in Chiang Mai, Thailand, surrounded by vibrant flower gardens and manicured trees under a clear blue sky. — The stunning Phra Mahathat Naphamethanidon pagoda stands prominently amidst lush, colorful gardens at Doi Inthanon National Park in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Ancient weathered stupas at a Buddhist temple in Chiang Mai, Thailand, surrounded by lush trees and a person standing on a sunny, brick-paved courtyard. — The weathered, historic stupas of a traditional Buddhist temple stand amidst lush greenery in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

The ornate Ho Kham Luang pavilion at Royal Park Rajapruek in Chiang Mai, Thailand, featuring traditional Lanna architecture, golden details, and white statues. — The stunning Ho Kham Luang pavilion serves as a majestic example of traditional Lanna architecture set against a lush mountain backdrop in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Watch

Frequently asked

Is Chiang Mai worth visiting?

Yes, if you want a slower, colder, more introspective Thailand. The city still carries Lanna identity in its temples, food, and dialect in ways Bangkok never did. Four days here will change what you expect from Thai cities.

How many days should I spend in Chiang Mai?

Give it four to six days. Three days lets you see the major wats and eat khao soi. Six days lets you reach the mountains, sit in cafés like a local, and attend a night at North Gate Jazz Co-op without rushing.

When is the best time to visit Chiang Mai?

November offers cool nights and the Yi Peng lantern release. February brings the Flower Festival. Avoid March and April when smoke from northern fires blankets the valley and temperatures hit 40 °C.

Is Chiang Mai safe for tourists?

Very safe by Southeast Asian standards. Petty theft occurs in crowded night markets but violent crime against visitors is rare. The biggest risks are scooters and Songkran water battles near the moat.

How much does Chiang Mai cost per day?

Budget travellers spend 1,200–1,800 baht daily including guesthouse, street food, and songthaews. Add 800 baht if you want good coffee and one sit-down Lanna meal each day.

Should I stay in Old City or Nimman?

Old City puts you inside the 700-year-old square and walking distance to Wat Chedi Luang and Wat Phra Singh. Nimman gives you specialty coffee, late bars, and the expat energy. Pick based on whether you want temples or laptops.

All Places to Visit.

43 places to discover

Place

Wat Phra That Doi Kham

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Wat Chedi Luang

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Chiang Mai Night Bazaar

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Wat Umong Suan Phutthatham

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Wat Pha Lat

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Doi Suthep-Pui National Park

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Chiang Mai Night Safari

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Buak Hard Public Park

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Wat Lok Moli

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Wat Suan Dok

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Wat Chet Yot

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Bhubing Palace

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Royal Park Rajapruek

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Wat Chai Mongkhon

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Ban Ho Mosque

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Mae Sa Waterfall

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Wiang Kum Kam

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Three Kings Monument, Chiang Mai

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Wat Phan On

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Chiang Mai International Airport

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Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep

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Wat Ku Tao

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Wat Phra Sing

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700Th Anniversary Stadium

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Wat Si Koet

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Wat Saen Fang

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Wat Ket Karam

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Wat Chiang Man

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Chiang Mai City Wall

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Chiang Mai City Art & Cultural Center

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Chiang Mai Railway Station

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Chiang Mai Rajabhat University

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Chiang Mai University

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Dara Academy

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Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University

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Huai Tueng Thao Reservoir

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Maejo University

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Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital

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North Chiang Mai University

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Payap University

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Promenada Resort Mall

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Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna

Photo credits (8)

Tim Durgan — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/2956618/
Wls Amy1006 — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/17630859/
Aomm Wang — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/748836/
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Diana CERMAKOVA — Pexels License (https://www.pexels.com/license/) — Source: https://www.pexels.com/photo/6856867/
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Photos may have been resized or cropped.

Why Chiang Mai

Lanna Temple Legacy

Mountain & Forest Temples

Northern Thai Table

Living Craft Traditions

Places to Visit

Neighborhoods

Old City

Nimman (Nimmanhaemin)

Riverside

Santitham

Wualai Road

Plan your trip

03 Top tickets in Chiang Mai.

The City That Refused to Die

Mangrai Draws the Rectangle

Mangrai Struck by Lightning

White Elephant Chooses the Mountain

Chedi Luang Begins Its Rise

Tilokaraj Claims the Throne

Emerald Buddha Arrives

Seven Spires Rise at Wat Chet Yot

Earthquake Shatters the Great Chedi

Bayinnaung Takes the City

Taksin's Army Frees Chiang Mai

Kawila Refounds an Empty City

Chetton Dynasty Begins

McGilvary Brings American Mission

Bangkok Ends Lanna Royalty

Railway Reaches the North

Kaew Nawarat, Last King of Lanna

American Bombs Fall on the Station

University Opens Its Gates

UNESCO Nomination Begins

Worst Flood in Memory

UNESCO Inspection Looms

Who lived here

King Mangrai

King Tilokaraj

Princess Dara Rasmi

Inthawichayanon

Where to Eat

Insider tips

Visit November

Eat like locals

Tipping rule

Songthaew trick

Temple silence

Café hours

Gallery

Watch

Frequently asked

All Places to Visit.

Wat Phra That Doi Kham

Wat Chedi Luang

Chiang Mai Night Bazaar

Wat Umong Suan Phutthatham

Wat Pha Lat

Doi Suthep-Pui National Park

Chiang Mai Night Safari

Buak Hard Public Park

Wat Lok Moli

Wat Suan Dok

Wat Chet Yot

Bhubing Palace

Royal Park Rajapruek

Wat Chai Mongkhon

Ban Ho Mosque

Mae Sa Waterfall

Wiang Kum Kam

Three Kings Monument, Chiang Mai

Wat Phan On

Chiang Mai International Airport

Wat Phrathat Doi Suthep

Wat Ku Tao

Wat Phra Sing

700Th Anniversary Stadium

Wat Si Koet

Wat Saen Fang

Wat Ket Karam