引言

纽约公共图书馆主馆——正式名称为斯蒂芬·A·施瓦茨曼大楼——是纽约市文化和建筑景观中的一颗璀璨明珠。自1911年开放以来，这座新古典主义杰作一直是知识免费获取、公民自豪感和建筑宏伟的象征。它标志性的石狮“耐心”和“坚韧”已成为纽约韧性的不朽标志。图书馆藏有超过5000万件物品，包括稀有手稿和历史文献，它不仅仅是一个研究机构，更是一个充满活力的展览、公共项目和社区参与中心。

无论您是历史爱好者、建筑迷，还是初次来访的游客，本指南都涵盖了您需要了解的一切：参观时间、门票、无障碍设施、导览、展览以及附近的景点。为了确保您的访问顺利愉快，请务必查阅纽约公共图书馆官方网站获取最新信息，并通过TripSavvy的游客指南等资源进一步探索。

图片库

图览紐約公共圖書館總部

Front view of the Public Library at 5th Avenue and 42nd Street in New York City — Exterior front view of the Public Library located at 5th Avenue and 42nd Street in New York City, showcasing its architectural details.

Clay sculpture depicting life in No Man's Land during WWI on Fifth Avenue, New York City, 1918 — Clay sculpture portraying life in No Man's Land created by F. Luis Mora and Edward Field Sanford Jr., exhibited on Fifth Avenue, New York City in 1918, photographed by Underwood & Underwood.

Three prominent newspaper cartoonists promoting the Third Liberty Loan in front of Liberty Theatre in April 1918 — Historical black and white photo taken by Paul Thompson in April 1918 showing three famous newspaper cartoonists standing in front of Liberty Theatre to support the Third Liberty Loan campaign during World War I.

James Montgomery Flagg painting life-size poster Tell it to the Marines in July 1918 — Photographer Underwood & Underwood captures noted artist James Montgomery Flagg creating a life-size version of the famous World War I poster Tell it to the Marines, dated July 1918.

Historic black and white photograph of New York Public Library building in the 1910s — A historic black and white photograph depicting the exterior of the New York Public Library building taken during the 1910s, showcasing early 20th century architecture and urban environment.

King's Color-graphs of New York City historic map — Historic King's Color-graphs illustrating different areas of New York City in vibrant colors

Miss Marsella Kraft singing the Star Spangled Banner in front of the Liberty Theater at 42nd St and 5th Avenue, New York City during the 3rd Liberty Bonds Campaign — Historic photograph by Paul Thompson showing Miss Marsella Kraft singing the Star Spangled Banner at the Liberty Theater located at 42nd Street and 5th Avenue in New York City during the 3rd Liberty Bonds Campaign.

British officer selling Liberty Bonds at a public gathering in front of the New York Public Library — Historical photo of Lieutenant Badgley, former British Royal Flying Corps officer, appealing to Americans to support the government by purchasing Liberty Bonds. Taken at the Liberty Theatre, New York Public Library, during WWI, dated October 10, 1918.

Actress Ray Cox selling Liberty Bonds during the third campaign at the Liberty Theatre near New York Public Library in 1918 — Historic image of actress Ray Cox actively selling Liberty Bonds during the third campaign in front of the New York Public Library at the Liberty Theatre in New York, April 1918, photographed by Brown Brothers.

Crowds gathering at Liberty Loan Theatre steps outside New York Public Library during 3rd Liberty Bonds public campaign in 1918 — Historic black and white photograph showing large crowds on the steps of New York Public Library's Liberty Loan Theatre during the 3rd Liberty Bonds campaign in 1918, emphasizing public support for war bonds.

Geraldine Farrar and Julia Arthur selling Liberty Bonds in front of New York Public Library in 1918 — Historical photo of Geraldine Farrar, grand opera star, and Julia Arthur, actress, selling Liberty Bonds in front of the New York Public Library during the 3rd Liberty Bonds campaign in 1918, photographed by Paul Thomas.

Geraldine Farrar, Grand Opera star, selling Liberty Bonds and singing Star Spangled Banner at New York Public Library in 1918 — Historical photo of Geraldine Farrar, Grand Opera star, selling Liberty Bonds and singing the Star Spangled Banner at the New York Public Library during the third Liberty Bond campaign in April 1918. She notably subscribed $1,000 for bonds in the name of her dog.

历史概述

起源与发展

纽约公共图书馆主馆起源于19世纪末阿斯特图书馆和伦诺克斯图书馆的合并，以及塞缪尔·J·蒂尔登的遗赠和安德鲁·卡内基520万美元的捐赠。选址在第五大道与42街交汇处原址，即克罗顿水库所在地，使图书馆坐落于曼哈顿的中心地带，确保了其便利性和重要性。由Carrère and Hastings事务所设计的建筑，于1897年开始建造，最终于1911年5月23日落成开放。到20世纪20年代，图书馆年均吸引数百万访客，迅速成为纽约最重要的历史遗迹之一。

地标地位与翻修

作为国家历史地标（1965年）和纽约市地标（1967年），该图书馆经历了多次转型性的翻修。值得注意的是，由斯蒂芬·A·施瓦茨曼资助的1亿美元修复工程于2011年完工，随后是2023年完成的3.17亿美元总体规划，该规划改善了公共空间、无障碍设施和游客服务（ArchDaily）。

建筑亮点

新古典主义的宏伟：图书馆的大理石外墙、古典装饰和宏伟的室内空间——尤其是阿斯特厅和罗斯主阅览室——都展示了新古典主义的辉煌。
石狮：“耐心”和“坚韧”由市长菲奥雷洛·拉瓜迪亚在大萧条时期命名，它们守护着第五大道入口，是纽约最受欢迎的雕塑之一（History Hit）。
罗斯主阅览室：这是世界上最大的公共阅览室之一，拥有华丽的天花板、吊灯和无柱空间。
现代化的提升：2023年开放的40街新入口和公共广场，以及最先进的游客中心，都提升了无障碍性和游客流量（Architectural Record）。

基本游客信息

参观时间与门票

开放时间：
- 周一至周六：上午10:00 – 下午6:00
- 周日：下午1:00 – 下午5:00
- 请务必在NYPL网站查询当前开放时间和节假日闭馆信息。
门票：
- 所有访客均免费入场。部分特别展览或导览可能需要提前注册或购票。

导览服务

图书馆定期提供免费的导览服务，介绍图书馆的历史、建筑和藏品。游客也可通过游客中心的移动应用程序或印刷材料进行自助导览。建议提前注册现场导览。

无障碍设施

图书馆完全无障碍，提供轮椅通道、电梯和无障碍洗手间。2023年开放的40街新入口设有电梯，方便行动不便的访客。图书馆还提供针对印刷品障碍、视力障碍、认知和发育障碍以及听力障碍的辅助服务。如需特定帮助，请联系Ask NYPL或发送电子邮件至[email protected]。纽约公共图书馆还提供多语言资源和口译服务（NYPL Accessibility）。

游客设施

Wi-Fi：免费覆盖整个建筑。
公共电脑与打印：所有访客均可使用。
咖啡馆与礼品店：提供餐饮和小纪念品。
洗手间：分布在多个楼层，均可无障碍使用。

展览与活动

主要展览

波隆斯基展览：展出包括中世纪手稿、古代卷轴和独特文物的稀有珍宝（NYPL Exhibitions）。
定期轮换展览：在戈特斯曼厅等区域定期更新展览，常聚焦图书馆的多样化藏品。

公共项目

图书馆每年举办数千场免费活动，包括讲座、作家见面会、工作坊、读书会和社区支持服务（NYPL Events Calendar）。许多项目提供现场和在线参与方式（Online Events & Classes）。图书馆还提供社会工作实习生，协助访客解决住房、就业和医疗保健问题（Meet with a Social Work Intern）。