引言

那不勒斯国家考古博物馆（Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli, MANN）是意大利最重要的文化机构之一，以其无与伦比的希腊罗马文物、庞贝和赫库兰尼姆的宝藏以及丰富的埃及收藏而闻名于世。博物馆坐落在那不勒斯市中心，带领游客踏上一段穿越古地中海世界的非凡旅程，不仅深入了解了非凡的艺术，还了解了古代文明的日常生活、信仰和习俗。

本综合指南提供了规划您参观所需的所有实用信息——包括参观时间、票务选项、无障碍设施和旅行贴士——同时深入探讨博物馆的历史、主要藏品以及附近的历史景点。无论您是考古爱好者、初次到访者还是举家出游，那不勒斯国家考古博物馆都是必去的景点，也是探索这座城市丰富遗产的理想起点（那不勒斯国家考古博物馆常见问题解答; 认识那不勒斯; 那不勒斯市政府）。

图片库

图览那不勒斯國立考古博物館

Exhibition of Alphonse Bernoud photography at Archaeological Museum of Naples — Photography exhibition honoring Alphonse Bernoud, pioneer of photography, held at the Archaeological Museum of Naples, displayed at Carthusian monastery and museum of San Martino until September 25, 2018

Ancient Roman dish warmer from House of the Faun Pompeii 27 BC-79 AD exhibited at Archaeological Museum of Naples — A 'dish warmer' dating from 27 BC-79 AD, originating from the House of the Faun at Pompeii. Displayed at the exhibition 'Herculaneum and Pompeii: Vision of Discovery' at the Archaeological Museum of Naples until September 30, 2018.

Painted plaster artwork titled Pastiches with animals from 1st century AD Herculaneum depicting various animals — Photograph of the painted plaster artwork Pastiches with animals from 1st century AD Herculaneum, discovered in 1748, displayed at the Archaeological Museum of Naples during the Herculaneum and Pompeii: Vision of Discovery exhibition until September 30, 2018.

Skeleton reconstruction of a headless horse and two dogs sacrificed in 6th century AD in Povegliano Veronese, Italy — Reconstruction of skeletons of a headless horse and two dogs found in Povegliano Veronese, Verona, dating from the late 6th century AD. Sacrificed animals accompanied their owner in burial rites, reflecting ancient Germanic religious customs. Exhibited at the Archaeological Museum of Naples in the L

Ancient Roman sundial from Pompeii before 79 AD displayed in Archaeological Museum of Naples — "Sundial" from Pompeii (before 79 AD) displayed in the Stabian Baths exhibition titled "The hours of the Sun. Geometry and Astronomy of ancient Roman sundials" at the Archaeological Museum of Naples, showcasing ancient timekeeping devices.

Ancient Roman sundial from Pompeii before 79 AD on display — Sundial from Pompeii dating before 79 AD showcased at the Exhibition "The hours of the Sun. Geometry and Astronomy of ancient Roman sundials" at the Archaeological Museum of Naples until January 31, 2019

Ancient Roman sundial with Telamon figure from Pompeii, before 79 AD — Historical sundial featuring a Telamon figure, originating from Pompeii before 79 AD, displayed in the exhibition 'The hours of the Sun. Geometry and Astronomy of ancient Roman sundials' at the Archaeological Museum of Naples.

Votive hand sculpture from 1st century AD Herculaneum archaeological exhibit — 1st century AD votive hand artifact from Herculaneum displayed at the Archaeological Museum of Naples during the Herculaneum and Pompeii: Vision of Discovery exhibition

Ancient liquid heating apparatus from the National Archaeological Museum of Naples — Appareil pour chauffer des liquides, an ancient device used for heating liquids, displayed at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples

Ancient silverware displayed at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples — Detailed view of ancient silverware collection exhibited at the National Archaeological Museum in Naples, showcasing historic craftsmanship and artifacts.

Ancient silverware exhibited at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples — Detailed view of ancient silverware displayed in the National Archaeological Museum in Naples, showcasing historical craftsmanship.

起源与历史发展

博物馆最初建于16世纪末，曾是西班牙总督的骑兵营房。后来，这座建筑被用作那不勒斯大学。在波旁王朝统治下，尤其是在卡洛斯三世（Charles III of Bourbon）的推动下，博物馆的改造始于18世纪。他希望建立一个宏伟的机构来保存皇家收藏品以及从庞贝和赫库兰尼姆出土的珍宝。

博物馆正式成立于1777年，当时著名的法尔内塞藏品从罗马转移而来。历经几个世纪的发展和现代化改造，MANN已成为全球考古研究和公众教育的中心（那不勒斯国家考古博物馆常见问题解答）。

藏品亮点

法尔内塞藏品

博物馆的镇馆之宝是法尔内塞藏品，这是世界上最重要的古典雕塑收藏之一。该藏品由有影响力的法尔内塞家族收集，并于18世纪运至那不勒斯，其中包括以下杰作：

法尔内塞赫拉克勒斯：一座宏伟的大理石雕像，以其肌肉发达的体魄和富有表现力的细节而闻名。
法尔内塞公牛 (Toro Farnese)：迄今为止发现的最大的单件古代雕塑，描绘了狄尔刻的神话。
法尔内塞阿特拉斯：现存最古老的天球模型。
此外还有半身像、浮雕和古罗马对古希腊原作的复制品（Portanapoli; Through Eternity; 认识那不勒斯）。

建议配图： 法尔内塞赫拉克勒斯的高质量图片，alt文本为“那不勒斯国家考古博物馆的法尔内塞赫拉克勒斯雕像”。

庞贝和赫库兰尼姆文物

博物馆以其从庞贝和赫库兰尼姆出土的大量文物而享誉国际。这两个城市在公元79年被维苏威火山爆发掩埋：

马赛克：来自农家妇女之家的标志性亚历山大大帝马赛克，由超过150万块小石子组成，以及描绘神话和日常生活场景的无数其他马赛克（Budget Your Trip）。
湿壁画：来自别墅的鲜艳、精致的壁画，包括神秘别墅（Villa of the Mysteries）的壁画（The Geographical Cure）。
青铜雕塑：著名的作品，如“跳舞的萨梯”和“奔跑的青铜人”。
日常用品：钱币、珠宝、玻璃器皿和日常用品，提供与古代的直接联系。
庞贝模型：一个大型模型，帮助游客了解古城的布局（认识那不勒斯）。