Scarce 1814 map of southern Ireland showing regions including Galway, Limerick, Munster, Cork, Leister, Kilkenny, and Wexford with an engraved view of the Bank of Ireland — Historic 1814 map by John Thomson depicting southern Ireland from Galway southwards with detailed regions such as Limerick, Munster, Cork, Leister, Kilkenny, and Wexford, featuring an engraved illustration of the Bank of Ireland in the bottom right corner.

Historic Bank of Ireland building in Dublin, Ireland — Exterior view of the historic Bank of Ireland building located in Dublin, County Dublin, Ireland

Bank of Ireland building in Dublin with early classic revival architecture — Image of the Bank of Ireland building in Dublin, originally begun as the Parliament House, showcasing early classic revival architecture from the 18th century with significant contributions by architect James Gandon, featuring curved quadrant walls completed in 1805.

Vintage view of College Green in Dublin in the year 1800 showing historic buildings and streets — A detailed vintage illustration of College Green in Dublin from the year 1800, showcasing the historic architecture and street layout.

Colourised engraving of College Street, Dublin, showing Bank of Ireland's east portico with three statues — Colourised engraving artwork depicting historic College Street in Dublin facing the Bank of Ireland's east portico surmounted by three statues.

Engraving of College Street, Dublin facing Bank of Ireland's east portico with three statues — Engraving showing College Street in Dublin facing the east portico of the Bank of Ireland, which is topped by three statues, from the collection Dublin delineated in twenty-six views.

Old Parliament House at College Green in 1891 — Historical photograph of the Old Parliament House located at College Green, taken in the year 1891

The Bank of Ireland building in Dublin, 1811 — Historic image depicting the Bank of Ireland building in Dublin as it appeared in 1811

Historic illustration of College Street in Dublin in 1837 with people and horse-drawn carriages — Detailed historic illustration showing College Street in Dublin in 1837 with bustling street life including people walking and horse-drawn carriages.

Bank of Ireland building in Dublin — Historic Bank of Ireland building located in Dublin, Ireland

Bank of Ireland building in 1891 French publication — Historic image of the Bank of Ireland building as depicted in an 1891 French publication

Architectural plan of the Parliament House, Dublin from 1896 — Detailed 1896 architectural plan illustrating the layout of the Parliament House in Dublin, showcasing the design and structural elements.

这座建筑是什么

位于都柏林市中心学院绿地（College Green）的爱尔兰议会大厦，是兼具建筑、历史和政治意义的地标，也是世界上第一座专门建造的两院制议会建筑。它由爱德华·洛夫特·皮尔斯爵士设计，见证了爱尔兰议会民主的发展。如今，原议会大厦是爱尔兰银行所在地；附近的莱因斯特大厦（Leinster House）则是现代爱尔兰议会的所在地 (Oireachtas.ie; Wikipedia)。

议会大厦位于都柏林的公民核心地带，靠近圣三一学院和多处文化机构，是了解城市历史的一个起点 (Andrew Cusack)。建筑在1803年出售给爱尔兰银行后经历了改造，但仍保留着显著的建筑特色和文化底蕴 (Andrew Cusack; Courtauld)。这里与爱尔兰议会现址莱因斯特大厦相距不远，可一并了解爱尔兰议会的历史与当代面貌 (Dublin Places to Visit; Oireachtas.ie)。

历史沿革

爱尔兰议会的历史可追溯至13世纪。有记录的第一次集会于1264年在卡斯尔德莫特（Castledermot）举行。早期议会由盎格鲁-诺曼地主和教士组成，主要处理司法与行政事务；到17世纪末，议会已成为爱尔兰治理的重要部分，并在18世纪初需要专门的议会建筑 (Oireachtas.ie)。

议会大厦于1729年动工，1733年完工。18世纪晚期，亨利·格拉坦（Henry Grattan）领导争取爱尔兰立法独立的运动。1782年宪法赋予爱尔兰议会自主立法的权利，开启了一段政治和社会生活活跃的时期 (Dáil100.ie)。

1800年通过的《联邦法案》于1801年生效，解散爱尔兰议会，并将其与大不列颠议会合并，终结爱尔兰的立法独立。都柏林的政治和经济格局随之发生变化，城市也失去了议会首都的地位 (Oireachtas.ie)。议会大厦与爱尔兰争取自治的历史密切相关，曾是宗教改革、经济政策和民族主义情绪兴起等议题的辩论场所。议会关闭成为后来独立运动的催化因素之一，最终促成1919年爱尔兰国民议会（Dáil Éireann）的成立 (Oireachtas.ie)。

议会废除后，建筑于1803年出售给爱尔兰银行。关于厅室的记载有两种说法：一处称议会下院议事厅被拆除，以建造银行大厅；另一处称议会下院议事厅得以保存，至今仍是游客值得一看的部分 (Andrew Cusack; DoDublin)。另有记载称，建筑外部和议会下院议事厅在改作银行用途后仍大体得到保存，遗产活动期间偶尔会向公众开放 (DoDublin)。

建筑与主要看点

议会大厦是帕拉第奥古典主义建筑，具有宏伟的柱廊、科林斯柱、山墙亭阁和和谐的乔治亚风格比例，并有爱德华·史密斯（Edward Smyth）创作的雕塑细节。其古典元素旨在唤起公民美德与共和政府的理想，也体现了18世纪新教徒统治阶层的愿望 (Wikipedia; Local Histories; Courtauld)。其开放的布局与都柏林城堡的堡垒式风格形成对比，象征着一种更易接近的治理方式 (Courtauld)。

建筑一个特别之处是窗户几乎完全缺失。据称，这是对当时玻璃税的回应：建造者填平了原计划中的窗户，形成独特的实心外观 (TravelCurious)。

议会大厦的设计影响了后来的议会建筑和都柏林公共建筑。它与圣三一学院及周边纪念碑共同构成了公共集会和政治表达的场所，并持续作为爱尔兰政治演变及国家民主历程的象征，锚定着学院绿地的城市公民认同 (Courtauld; Oireachtas.ie)。

如需虚拟体验，可查看都柏林旅游网站或爱尔兰银行的官方资源。