About the Guardian Building
Standing in downtown Detroit’s Financial District, the Guardian Building is an Art Deco landmark often called the “Cathedral of Finance.” Completed in 1929, it was designed by Wirt C. Rowland of Smith, Hinchman & Grylls. Its orange “Guardian bricks,” Pewabic and Rookwood tilework, and mosaics featuring Native American and Aztec motifs make it a distinctive part of Detroit’s architectural and cultural history.
The building has served as a banking headquarters, a U.S. Army command center during World War II, and a center for government and commerce.
History
Origins and construction
The Union Trust Company was established in 1890 by Detroit luminaries including Senator James McMillan. In the late 1920s, after merging with the National Bank of Commerce, the company commissioned Smith, Hinchman & Grylls to design a headquarters that would represent Detroit’s economic strength. Completed just before the Great Depression, the building occupies a full city block and rises 40 stories, reflecting the optimism of Detroit’s automotive boom.
Architecture and technology
Rowland’s Art Deco design has a steel frame clad in 1.8 million signature orange bricks. Its bold, tiered massing and setbacks comply with city zoning laws. The vaulted, mosaic-adorned lobby, with its stained glass, gives the building its “Cathedral of Finance” name.
The building incorporated automatic elevators, Monel metalwork, reinforced concrete, and advanced fireproofing. These innovations influenced later architectural landmarks, including New York’s Chrysler Building.
Economic and cultural significance
At its peak, Union Trust Company controlled 40% of Detroit’s banking resources. The Great Depression led to the bank’s collapse by 1932. During World War II, the building served as a U.S. Army command center for ordnance production efforts.
A National Historic Landmark, the Guardian Building’s evolution from banking headquarters to government and commercial center mirrors Detroit’s adaptation and revitalization. Its restoration and ongoing use contribute to downtown Detroit’s economic recovery, support local businesses, foster community events, and anchor revitalization efforts.
Preservation and legacy
Major restoration campaigns in 1986 and 2003 preserved the building’s original color schemes, brickwork, and elaborate interiors. Adaptive reuse has retained its historic character while equipping it for modern use. Its Art Deco forms and Indigenous-inspired motifs have inspired generations of architects and designers.
What to see
The lobby is a highlight, with its vaulted interior, mosaics, stained glass, and elaborate tilework. Its three-story mural by Ezra Winter celebrates Michigan’s industries and natural resources. Visitors can also see the building’s orange brickwork, tiered exterior, and Monel metalwork. Retail areas include the Pure Detroit gift shop and a café.
Practical visiting information
Location and getting there
Address: 500 Griswold Street, Detroit, MI 48226
The building is centrally located in Detroit’s Financial District. It can be reached by car, public transit via the People Mover’s Financial District Station, on foot, or by bicycle. Bike racks, multiple parking garages, and metered street parking are nearby.
Hours and admission
- Monday–Friday 8:00 AM–6:00 PM
- Saturday 10:00 AM–5:00 PM
- Sunday and holidays Closed
Hours may vary for special events; check the official website for updates.
Admission to the main lobby and retail areas is free, and no tickets are required.
Tours
Complimentary public tours by Pure Detroit are offered on weekends and last 45–60 minutes. Specialized “behind the scenes” tours can be booked with City Tour Detroit. Advance reservations are recommended for both.
Accessibility, amenities, and policies
The building has wheelchair-accessible entrances, elevators, and restrooms. Service animals are permitted. Visitors with specific needs can call (313) 963-4567 for assistance.
Complimentary Wi-Fi is available in the lobby and retail spaces. Restrooms and seating are available in the lobby; the café serves snacks and coffee.
Smoking is not permitted, and only service animals are allowed. Outside food and beverages are not permitted except for items purchased onsite. Visitors are asked to behave respectfully because the building contains active offices.
Photography is allowed in public areas; commercial photography requires permission.
Contact
- Guardian Building Main Office (313) 963-4567
- City Tour Detroit (313) 757-1283
Tips
- Arrive early for photo opportunities and fewer crowds.
- Consider a guided tour for more detail about the building’s design and history.
- Dress comfortably, as you may be walking or standing for extended periods.
- Check the events calendar for special exhibitions or concerts.
- Respect building guidelines and the working environment.
- The Audiala app is another resource for guided tours.
Nearby places
Nearby attractions include:
- Campus Martius Park
- Detroit Opera House
- Renaissance Center
- Detroit Institute of Arts
- Detroit Riverwalk
These are within walking distance or a short transit ride, making it possible to combine a Guardian Building visit with other Detroit historical sites.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What are the Guardian Building’s visiting hours?
Monday–Friday, 8:00 AM–6:00 PM; Saturday, 10:00 AM–5:00 PM; closed Sundays and holidays. Hours may vary for special events.
Is there an entry fee or are tickets required?
Entry to public areas is free, and no tickets are required. Guided tours are also free, but may require reservations.
Are guided tours available?
Yes. Pure Detroit offers free weekend tours, and City Tour Detroit offers specialized tours. Advance booking is recommended.
Is the building accessible?
Yes. The building has wheelchair access, elevators, and accessible restrooms.
Where can I park?
Multiple garages and metered street parking are available nearby.
Can I take photos inside the building?
Photography is allowed in public areas. Commercial photography requires permission.
