Castillo de San Felipe near the sea at Ferrol

San Felipe Castle

Visiting San Felipe Castle: History, Tickets, and Tips

Date: 16/08/2024

Introduction

San Felipe Castle in Ferrol, Spain, stands as an emblematic fortress that merges architectural brilliance with historical significance. Constructed in 1557 under the reign of Philip II, the castle’s primary purpose was to defend the strategic Ferrol estuary (Visit Ferrol). Over the centuries, the castle has undergone numerous enhancements, particularly between 1731 and 1775, incorporating Enlightenment principles of military engineering (Spotting History). This transformation made it a cornerstone of the ‘triangle of fire,’ a defensive network alongside the Castle of La Palma and the now-extinct Castle of San Martiño, designed to thwart naval invasions (Vive Camino).

Today, the castle is not just a relic of military strategy but also a cultural heritage site open to the public. It offers visitors a chance to explore its well-preserved bastions, moats, and ramparts. With guided tours available, visitors can delve into the castle’s storied past, from its role in repelling British forces in the Battle of Brión to its later decline and ongoing restoration efforts (Galicia Guide). Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or a family seeking a day out, San Felipe Castle promises an enriching and scenic experience.

Castillo de San Felipe by the sea in Ferrol

Map of the Castles of San Felipe and La Palma in Ferrol, Spain

Introduction
Historical Background of San Felipe Castle
Visitor Information
Architectural Features and Design
Panoramic Views and Scenic Beauty
Interactive Exhibits and Guided Tours
Special Events and Exhibitions
FAQ
Conclusion

Historical Background of San Felipe Castle

Early Construction and Strategic Importance

San Felipe Castle, located in Ferrol, Spain, is a prime example of 18th-century military architecture. The initial construction of the castle began in 1557 under the reign of Philip II, from whom it derives its name (Visit Ferrol). The castle was strategically positioned at the entrance of the Ferrol estuary, a crucial point for defending the town and its maritime interests. This location was part of a defensive network that included the now-extinct Castle of San Martiño and the Castle of La Palma in Mugardos, forming what was known as the ‘triangle of fire’ (Vive Camino).

Architectural Evolution and Enhancements

The castle underwent significant redesign and enhancement between 1731 and 1775, transforming it into a formidable bastioned battery. This redesign was carried out by military engineers Francisco Montaigú, Juan de la Ferriére, and Juan Vergel, who applied Enlightenment principles, particularly the use of mathematics in military engineering (Spotting History). The result was a geometric layout with protruding walls designed to cover the flanks of the lateral walls, making it nearly impregnable from both land and sea attacks.

The ‘Triangle of Fire’

The ‘triangle of fire’ was a defensive strategy that linked San Felipe Castle with the Castle of La Palma and the now-extinct Castle of San Martiño. At night, a massive chain would be stretched between San Felipe and La Palma to prevent enemy ships from entering the estuary (Visit Ferrol). This defensive measure was so effective that Admiral Pitt reportedly remarked that if Britain had such a ría with its castles, they would protect it with a silver wall.

Key Battles and Military Engagements

One of the most notable military engagements involving San Felipe Castle occurred at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. British troops under Commanders Pulteney and Warren attempted to take the city of Ferrol but were repelled by the combined forces of the ‘triangle of fire’ (Vive Camino). This battle is commemorated annually, particularly during the month of August, when the Spanish victory over the British in the Battle of Brión in 1800 is reenacted.

Decline and Restoration

The castle’s strategic importance waned in the 19th century, particularly during the Peninsular War (1808–1814). Despite an alliance with the United Kingdom, the town’s arsenals and fortresses, including San Felipe Castle, were abandoned and easily occupied by French forces in 1809 (Wikipedia). However, the castle has since been acquired by the Ferrol Council and is undergoing renovation and refurbishment for cultural use (Spotting History).

Visitor Information

Visiting Hours and Tickets

San Felipe Castle is open to visitors every day of the week, including holidays. The opening hours are from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. in the mornings and from 4:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. in the afternoons (Visit Ferrol). Guided tours are available on Thursdays and Saturdays from July 15 to September 10, with dramatized visits on specific Saturdays in August. The cost for the guided tour is €10, with children under 10 years old admitted for free. Reservations can be made through the official website (Ferrol Guias).

Accessibility and Amenities

San Felipe Castle is easily accessible by car, with ample parking facilities available. The fortress also provides basic amenities, including restrooms and refreshment areas, ensuring a comfortable visit for all guests (CastlePedia). For those who prefer not to drive, there are organized excursions that include transportation to and from the castle (Ferrol Guias).

Family-Friendly Atmosphere

San Felipe Castle is not just a historical site; it is also a family-friendly destination. The open spaces within the fortress are perfect for picnics and leisurely strolls, making it an excellent spot for a day out with loved ones (CastlePedia). The mix of educational value and recreational opportunities ensures that everyone in the family can find something to enjoy.

Architectural Features and Design

San Felipe Castle is a testament to the architectural prowess of the 18th century. The fortress features well-preserved bastions, moats, and ramparts, showcasing the mastery of Spanish military engineering (CastlePedia). The geometric design of the castle was highly advanced for its time, incorporating a complex layout that included multiple segments, inner and outer chambers, and secure main quarters at the center of the structure (Galicia Guide).

Panoramic Views and Scenic Beauty

One of the highlights of visiting San Felipe Castle is the breathtaking panoramic views it offers. From the elevated vantage points of the fortress, visitors can enjoy picturesque landscapes that stretch across the Atlantic Ocean and the Ferrol estuary (CastlePedia). The combination of historical intrigue and natural beauty makes it an ideal spot for both history aficionados and nature lovers.

Interactive Exhibits and Guided Tours

To fully appreciate the historical significance of San Felipe Castle, visitors are encouraged to participate in guided tours. These tours provide in-depth insights into the strategic importance of the fortress, recounting tales of naval battles and highlighting key architectural features (CastlePedia). Additionally, the castle houses interactive exhibits that bring the naval history of Ferrol to life, making it an educational experience for visitors of all ages.

Special Events and Exhibitions

Throughout the year, San Felipe Castle hosts various special events and exhibitions. During the summer of 2024, for instance, there will be an exhibition featuring EXIN Castillos, a Spanish construction toy similar to LEGO, showcasing models of significant Galician landmarks (Ferrol Guias). Additionally, on Saturdays in August, visitors can experience dramatized tours featuring characters like Dorinda the water carrier and 18th-century soldiers, adding a unique and entertaining dimension to the visit.

FAQ

What are the visiting hours for San Felipe Castle? San Felipe Castle is open from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. and from 4:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. every day, including holidays.

How much are tickets for San Felipe Castle? The cost for the guided tour is €10, with children under 10 years old admitted for free.

Is the castle accessible to people with disabilities? The castle has some areas that may be challenging for visitors with mobility issues due to its historic structure. It is advisable to contact the Ferrol City Council for more detailed accessibility information.

Are there any special events at the castle? Yes, dramatized visits are offered on select Saturdays in August, providing an engaging way to learn about the castle’s history.

Conclusion

San Felipe Castle in Ferrol, Spain, is a remarkable example of 18th-century military architecture, featuring advanced geometric design, robust defensive structures, and high-quality stonework. Its historical significance, combined with its stunning location and ongoing restoration efforts, make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and casual tourists alike. Whether exploring its hidden chambers or capturing its beauty through photography, visitors are sure to have a memorable experience at this iconic fortress.

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