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Riserva Naturale Antiche Citta' Di Fregellae E Fabrateria Nova E Del Lago Di S. Giovanni Incarico

Ceprano, Italy

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Guide to Visiting Riserva Naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico, Ceprano, Italy

Date: 01/08/2024

Introduction

Nestled in the picturesque province of Frosinone, Italy, the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico offers visitors a unique blend of historical intrigue, natural beauty, and cultural richness. This natural reserve, located near Ceprano, serves as a living testament to Italy’s storied past, tracing its roots back to prehistoric times. One of the earliest significant discoveries in the region was a hominid settlement dating back approximately 700,000 years, found by paleontologist Italo Biddittu (Parchi Lazio). The reserve encompasses the remnants of the ancient cities of Fregellae, a pivotal Roman colony established in 328 B.C., and Fabrateria Nova, founded in 124 B.C. as a strategic replacement following the destruction of Fregellae (Theodora).

Today, the Riserva naturale not only preserves these important archaeological sites but also protects the diverse flora and fauna that thrive within its boundaries. Visitors can explore the lush riparian vegetation, extensive reed beds, and the artificial lake of San Giovanni Incarico, which teems with aquatic life and attracts a wide variety of bird species (ciociariaturismo.it). The reserve’s strategic location has also contributed to its rich medieval and modern history, having been under the control of various powerful entities such as the Angevin dynasty and the Abbey of Montecassino (Parchi Lazio).

This comprehensive guide aims to provide visitors with essential information on the reserve’s historical significance, natural attractions, and practical travel tips. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply seeking a scenic getaway, the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico promises an unforgettable experience.

Table of Contents

Exploring the Historical Gems and Natural Beauty

Ancient Origins and Early Settlements

The area now known as the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico has a rich history dating back to prehistoric times. One of the earliest significant discoveries in the region was the finding of a hominid settlement dating back approximately 700,000 years. This discovery was made by paleontologist Italo Biddittu in the locality of Torti della contrada Fontanelle in the Comune of Arce (Parchi Lazio).

The Rise of Fregellae

Fregellae, an ancient town of Latium adiectum, was established as a Latin colony by the Romans in 328 B.C. to counter the expansion of the Samnites. The town was strategically located on the Via Latina, near the left branch of the Liris River, which made it a crucial point for controlling the crossing of the river and the fertile surrounding territory (Theodora). Fregellae’s importance is underscored by its role in several historical events. For instance, in 212 B.C., during the Second Punic War, the town played a pivotal role in hindering Hannibal’s advance on Rome by breaking the bridges over the Liris River. Additionally, in 209 B.C., a native of Fregellae led a deputation of non-revolting colonies, demonstrating the town’s loyalty to Rome (Theodora).

Destruction and Rebirth

Despite its loyalty, Fregellae faced destruction in 125 B.C. after a revolt against Rome, sparked by the rejection of M. Fulvius Flaccus’s proposals for extending Roman citizenship rights. The town was captured and destroyed by treachery in the same year. However, its strategic importance led to the establishment of a new colony, Fabrateria Nova, in 124 B.C., located approximately 3 miles southeast on the opposite bank of the Liris River (Theodora).

Archaeological Discoveries

Modern archaeological efforts have significantly enhanced our understanding of Fregellae’s urban structure. Since 1978, excavations led by Professor Filippo Coarelli from the University of Perugia have uncovered substantial remains of the ancient city. These include the public area, a residential zone, and several sanctuaries, both urban and extra-urban. The central road network revealed a main north-south axis, likely part of the urban stretch of the Via Latina (Parchi Lazio).

Fabrateria Nova

Fabrateria Nova, founded immediately after the destruction of Fregellae, is located in the current territory of San Giovanni Incarico, on the right bank of the Liri River, just after the confluence with the Sacco River. This new colony was established to maintain control over the strategic region and to replace the lost settlement of Fregellae (Parchi Lazio).

Medieval and Modern History

The region continued to be of strategic and economic importance through the centuries. During the 8th century, Arce, one of the towns within the reserve, became part of the Lombard possessions. By the 13th century, it had come under the control of the Angevin dynasty. For nearly 200 years, the area was a fief of the Boncompagni family before transitioning to the Kingdom of Naples in 1796 and later to the powerful Abbey of Montecassino. In 1927, the region was transferred from the province of Caserta to the province of Frosinone (Parchi Lazio).

Cultural and Historical Attractions

Visitors to the reserve can explore a variety of historical and cultural sites. The Museo Archeologico Fregellae “AMEDEO MAIURI” offers insights into the archaeological findings and the history of the ancient city. Other notable sites include the Monastero di San Salvatore in Roccasecca dei Volsci and the Tempio di Giove Anxur in Terracina (Parchi Lazio).

Festivals and Traditions

The region is also rich in cultural traditions and festivals. Notable events include the Festa del Patrono San Giovanni Battista on June 24th, the Festa della Madonna della Selva on the Sunday following Easter, and the Festa della Madonna della Guardia on the Tuesday following Pentecost. These festivals offer a glimpse into the local traditions and community spirit (Parchi Lazio).

Flora

The Riserva Naturale is a sanctuary of diverse plant life, offering a rich tapestry of flora that thrives in its varied habitats. The area is characterized by riparian vegetation, including species such as Iris pseudacorus (yellow iris), and a variety of willows and poplars (Parchi Lazio). These plants line the banks of the lake and river, contributing to the lush, green landscape that visitors can enjoy. The reserve also features extensive reed beds, crucial for maintaining the ecological balance. These reeds provide habitats and breeding grounds for numerous bird species, making the reserve a hotspot for birdwatching enthusiasts.

Fauna

The fauna of the Riserva Naturale is equally impressive, with a wide array of species that call this protected area home. The lake and its surrounding wetlands are particularly rich in birdlife. Visitors can expect to see species such as cormorants gliding over the water and ospreys diving to catch fish (ciociariaturismo.it). The reserve is also home to the grey heron, a magnificent bird with a large wingspan. In addition to birds, the reserve supports various mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. The European hedgehog and the European badger are among the mammals that can be spotted here, indicating a healthy ecosystem with ample food and shelter.

Aquatic Life

The artificial lake of San Giovanni Incarico, created in the 1920s by damming the Liri River, is a focal point of the reserve. This lake teems with aquatic life, including a diverse range of fish species such as carp, pike, and perch, making it a popular spot for recreational fishing (Parchi Lazio). The lake’s ecosystem is further enriched by the presence of amphibians and reptiles. Frogs and newts are commonly found in the wetlands, while turtles can often be seen basking on the banks.

Birdwatching Opportunities

Birdwatching is one of the most popular activities in the Riserva Naturale, thanks to its rich avian diversity. The reserve is a haven for both resident and migratory birds, making it an ideal location for birdwatchers throughout the year. During the spring and autumn migration periods, the reserve becomes a temporary home for numerous bird species, providing excellent opportunities for observation and photography (ciociariaturismo.it). Notable bird species include the kingfisher, with its striking turquoise and orange plumage, and the marsh harrier, known for its agile flight over the reed beds. The reserve also supports populations of night herons and little egrets, adding to the diversity of birdlife.

Seasonal Changes and Their Impact

The natural beauty and biodiversity of the Riserva Naturale are subject to seasonal changes, significantly impacting the flora and fauna. In spring, the reserve comes alive with blooming wildflowers and the songs of migratory birds returning to their breeding grounds. This season is particularly favorable for birdwatching and nature walks. Summer brings warmer temperatures, which can be challenging for some visitors but also offers unique opportunities to observe different aspects of the reserve’s ecosystem. The lake becomes a focal point for aquatic activities, and the dense foliage provides ample shade. Autumn is another spectacular season, with the changing colors of the leaves creating a picturesque landscape. This period is ideal for observing the migration of birds as they prepare for their journey to warmer climates. Winter, while quieter, offers a different kind of beauty. The bare trees and frosty mornings create a serene atmosphere, making it easier to spot wildlife.

Conservation Efforts

The Riserva Naturale is not only a place of natural beauty but also a site of significant conservation efforts. Established in 1997, the reserve aims to protect and preserve the unique ecosystems and historical sites within its boundaries. Various projects and initiatives are in place to monitor and enhance the biodiversity of the area, including habitat restoration and species protection programs (Parchi Lazio). One notable project is the Life-Fagesos initiative, focusing on conserving specific habitats and species within the reserve. This project involves collaboration between local authorities, environmental organizations, and the community to ensure the long-term sustainability of the reserve’s natural resources.

Visitor Information

Tickets and Visiting Hours

To make the most of your visit to the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico, here is some essential information:

  • Visiting Hours: The reserve is open daily from 9 AM to 7 PM, with extended hours during the summer months.
  • Tickets: Admission fees are reasonable, with discounts available for students, seniors, and groups. Children under 12 enter for free.

Travel Tips and Nearby Attractions

  • Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the region’s history and archaeological discoveries. Tours are available in multiple languages and can be booked in advance (Riserva Naturale).
  • Photography Spots: Don’t miss the scenic viewpoints around Lago di San Giovanni Incarico for stunning photos of the natural landscape and historical ruins.
  • Nearby Attractions: Explore other historical sites in Frosinone, such as the Abbey of Montecassino and the ancient city of Arpino. These complement your visit to the reserve and offer a broader understanding of the region’s heritage.

FAQ

  • What are the visiting hours of the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico? The reserve is open daily from 9 AM to 7 PM, with extended hours during the summer months.
  • How much are the tickets? Admission fees are reasonable, with discounts available for students, seniors, and groups. Children under 12 enter for free.
  • Is the reserve accessible for visitors with disabilities? Yes, the reserve offers paved walkways and ramps at key sites to ensure accessibility for all visitors.
  • Are guided tours available? Yes, guided tours are available in multiple languages and can be booked in advance.

Conclusion

The Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico stands out as a remarkable destination that seamlessly blends historical depth with natural beauty. From the ancient ruins of Fregellae and Fabrateria Nova to the rich biodiversity surrounding the Lago di San Giovanni Incarico, this reserve offers a multifaceted experience that caters to a wide range of interests. Archaeological discoveries since 1978 have provided invaluable insights into the urban structure and daily life of these ancient cities (Parchi Lazio). Meanwhile, the reserve’s diverse flora and fauna, including its extensive bird population, make it a haven for nature enthusiasts (ciociariaturismo.it).

Visitors are encouraged to take advantage of the guided tours and educational programs available, which offer deeper insights into both the historical and natural aspects of the reserve (Riserva Naturale). Seasonal changes provide unique opportunities for exploration, from the vibrant blooms of spring to the serene landscapes of winter. Additionally, the reserve’s commitment to conservation ensures that its rich heritage and natural resources will be preserved for future generations to enjoy (Parchi Lazio).

For those planning a visit, practical tips include checking the latest visitor information, adhering to conservation guidelines, and exploring nearby attractions to enrich your overall experience. By immersing yourself in the historical and natural wonders of the Riserva naturale Antiche Città di Fregellae e Fabrateria Nova e del Lago di San Giovanni Incarico, you will undoubtedly gain a deeper appreciation for the region’s enduring legacy and its vibrant present.

References

  • Parchi Lazio. (n.d.). Uomo, Territorio e Cultura: Fregellae. Retrieved from Parchi Lazio
  • Theodora. (n.d.). Fregellae. Retrieved from Theodora
  • Ciociaria Turismo. (n.d.). Riserva Naturale Città di Fregellae, Fabrateria Nova e Lago di San Giovanni. Retrieved from ciociariaturismo.it
  • Riserva Naturale. (n.d.). Official website. Retrieved from Riserva Naturale

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| Riserva Naturale Antiche Citta' Di Fregellae E Fabrateria Nova E Del Lago Di S. Giovanni Incarico
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